The construction of this replica of the Dresden Pascaline was executed entirely by Jan Meyer, supported by two collectors (of which one is the editor of this site) each of whom retains one copy. One copy remains with Jan Meyer, and a further one was sold Jan Meyer by Auction Team Breker in November 2017 (Lot 71 - at a realised price of 12,296 Euro).

The original (immediately above) is one of two said to have been purchased[^D. Adamson, Blaise Pascal- Mathematician, Physicist and Thinker about God, Palgrave Macmillan, UK, 1995, pp. 156, 236.^] by Maria-Luisa de Gonzaga (1611-67), wife of King Casimir, and thus Queen of Poland between 1649 and 1667 (she was also Queen by an earlier marriage between 1646 and 1648). In 1695 the throne passed from to the Elector of Saxony providing some explanation of its modern resting place in Dresden. It is now on display at the [[http://www.skd.museum/en/museums-institutions/zwinger-with-semperbau/mathematisch-physikalischer-salon/|Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon]] in Dresden.

The original (immediately above) is one of two said to have been purchased[^D. Adamson, Blaise Pascal- Mathematician, Physicist and Thinker about God, Palgrave Macmillan, UK, 1995, pp. 156, 236.^] by Maria-Luisa Gonzaga (1611-67), wife of King Casimir, and thus Queen of Poland between 1649 and 1667 (she was also Queen by an earlier marriage between 1646 and 1648). It is on display at the [[http://www.skd.museum/en/museums-institutions/zwinger-with-semperbau/mathematisch-physikalischer-salon/|Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon]] in Dresden.

This time Jan Meyer, as opposed to his earlier working Pascaline exemplar, was able to actually get detail of the actual machine at Dresden. As he wrote at the time "The Pascaline has now, after the experience with the construction of the first, a completely different impression to me. I know every part, since I have had it in my hands hundreds of times.  So I can at first attempt recognize the differences to my replica. In summary, one can say that everything is more fine and delicate than on my replica. For example, the engravings. I have made many close-ups, so I can do a much better job this time."

As he studied the existing surviving machine he noticed that "The Pascaline in Dresden has been inexpertly repaired at the position for Solz. They have replaced a star with 10 spokes instead of 20! The museum has confirmed this mistake. I'll use a star with 20 spokes...".  So at least in this sense, this replica may be more accurate than the surviving machine!

%center% %width=780px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg|Replica of the "Queen of Poland" Pascaline (collection Caclulant)

This is the only one known to survive of two said to have been purchased[^D. Adamson, Blaise Pascal- Mathematician, Physicist and Thinker about God, Palgrave Macmillan, UK, 1995, pp. 156, 236.^] by Maria-Luisa Gonzaga (1611-67), wife of King Casimir, and thus Queen of Poland between 1649 and 1667 (she was also Queen by an earlier marriage between 1646 and 1648). It is on display at the [[http://www.skd.museum/en/museums-institutions/zwinger-with-semperbau/mathematisch-physikalischer-salon/|Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon]] in Dresden.

This extraordinary replica of the "Queen of Poland" Pascaline is the result of the return of master craftsman [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de|Jan Meyer]]  to the task of fashioning a replica of the most elaborate Pascaline which has survived to this day.  In fashioning this replica Jan Meyer drew upon his extensive experience in building his [[Pascaline 1652|earlier working exemplar]], also held in this collection.  This enabled him to work even more finely, also constructing the internal mechanism to a much closer tolerance.  The resulting  "Queen of Poland" Pascaline has been fashioned with great dedication and craftsmanship entirely from brass and mahogany.

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline that survives.  It is an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels (and corresponding output windows) it was capable of handling that task well.  The replica Pascaline is shown below.

This is the only one known to survive of two said to have been purchased by Maria-Luisa Gonzaga (1611-67), wife of King Casimir, and thus Queen of Poland between 1649 and 1667 (she was also Queen by an earlier marriage between 1646 and 1648). It is on display at the [[http://www.skd.museum/en/museums-institutions/zwinger-with-semperbau/mathematisch-physikalischer-salon/|Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon]] in Dresden.

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline that survives.  It is an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels (and corresponding output windows) it was capable of handling that task well. 

The replica Pascaline is shown below.

The replica closely follows the internal and external design of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|"Queen of Poland Pascaline"]].

The original surviving Pascaline is shown below.

%center% %width=850px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|Original "Queen of Poland" Pascaline (Dresden)

%center% %width=780px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg

%center% %width=850px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

The original surviving Pascaline,  was one of two said to have been purchased by Maria-Luisa Gonzaga (1611-67), wife of King Casimir, and thus Queen of Poland between 1649 and 1667 (she was also Queen by an earlier marriage between 1646 and 1648). It is on display at the [[http://www.skd.museum/en/museums-institutions/zwinger-with-semperbau/mathematisch-physikalischer-salon/|Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon]] in Dresden, and is shown below.

The original surviving Pascaline, on display at the [[http://www.skd.museum/en/museums-institutions/zwinger-with-semperbau/mathematisch-physikalischer-salon/|Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon]] in Dresden, is shown below.

The replica closely follows the internal and external design of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|"Queen of Poland Pascaline"]].

Other information provided in this site includes [[Site.Pascaline1652|Pascaline ~1652 - working exemplar based on surviving machines]],  [[Operating Instructions for a Pascaline]], [[Site.Diderot1759|1759 diagram]], [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Avis_Blaise_Pascale.pdf|Pascal's original "avis nécessaire" pamphlet]] and other [[Site.PascalineMechanism|historical diagrams of the mechanism]] and details of [[Site.SurvivingPascalines|surviving Pascalines]] and other [[Site.ReplicaPascalines| replica Pascalines]].

(:title "Queen of Poland" Pascaline ~1652 - replica of the surviving machine held at Dresden:)

%center% %width=800px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg

This extraordinary replica of the "Queen of Poland" Pascaline is the result of the return of master craftsman [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de|Jan Meyer]]  to the task of fashioning a replica of the most elaborate Pascaline which has survived to this day.  In fashioning this replica Jan Meyer drew upon his extensive experience in building his [[Pascaline 1652|earlier replica]], also held in this collection.  This enabled him to work even more finely, also constructing the internal mechanism to a much closer tolerance.  The resulting  "Queen of Poland" Pascaline has been fashioned with great dedication and craftsmanship entirely from brass and mahogany.

This time Jan Meyer, as opposed to his earlier replica, was able to actually get detail of the actual machine at Dresden. As he wrote at the time "The Pascaline has now, after the experience with the construction of the first, a completely different impression to me. I know every part, since I have had it in my hands hundreds of times.  So I can at first attempt recognize the differences to my replica. In summary, one can say that everything is more fine and delicate than on my replica. For example, the engravings. I have made many close-ups, so I can do a much better job this time."

Other information provided in this site includes [[Site.Pascaline1652|Pascaline ~1652 - replica based on surviving examples]],  [[Operating Instructions for a Pascaline]], [[Site.Diderot1759|1759 diagram]], [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Avis_Blaise_Pascale.pdf|Pascal's original "avis nécessaire" pamphlet]] and other [[Site.PascalineMechanism|historical diagrams of the mechanism]] and details of [[Site.SurvivingPascalines|surviving Pascalines]] and other [[Site.ReplicaPascalines| replica Pascalines]].

Other information provided in this site includes [[Operating Instructions for a Pascaline]], [[Site.Diderot1759|1759 diagram]], [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Avis_Blaise_Pascale.pdf|Pascal's original "avis nécessaire" pamphlet]] and other [[Site.PascalineMechanism|historical diagrams of the mechanism]] and details of [[Site.SurvivingPascalines|surviving Pascalines]] and other [[Site.ReplicaPascalines| replica Pascalines]].

The original surviving Pascaline, held in Dresden, shown below.

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline that survives.  It is an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels (and corresponding output windows) it was capable of handling that task well.  The replica is shown below.

The replica closely follows the internal and external design of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|"Queen of Poland Pascaline"]] held in Dresden shown below.

This extraordinary replica of the "Queen of Poland" Pascaline is the result of the return of master craftsman [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de|Jan Meyer]]  to the task of fashioning a replica of the most elaborate Pascaline which has survived to this day.  In fashioning this replica Jan Meyer utilised all his experience from his [[Pascaline 1652|earlier replica]], also held in this collection, working even more finely and with great dedication and craftsmanship in brass and mahogany from which the machine is entirely constructed.

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline that survives.  This was an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels (and corresponding output windows) it was capable of handling that task well.  The replica is shown below.

As he studied the existing surviving machine he noticed that "The Pascaline in Dresden has been inexpertly repaired at the position for Solz. They have replaced a star with 10 spokes instead of 20! The museum has confirmed this mistake. I'll use a star with 20 spokes...".  So at least in this sense, Jan Meyer's replica may be more accurate than the surviving machine!

The replica is a close closely follows the internal and external design of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|"Queen of Poland Pascaline"]] held in Dresden and shown below.

%center% %width=870px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

%center% %width=850px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

%center% %width=875px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

%center% %width=850px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

%center% %width=700px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg

%center% %width=650px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg

%center% %width=800px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

%center% %width=750px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg

%center% %width=800px%  http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PAD_1.jpg

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline that survives.  This was an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels (and corresponding output windows) it was capable of handling that task well.

http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg

The carry mechanism is the classical "sautoir" as described by Diderot and  d’Alembert[^Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert, //Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une Société de Gens de lettres//, 1ere edition, vol. 1, 1751: see also Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert, //Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers//, etc., eds. University of Chicago: ARTFL Encyclopédie Project, Spring 2013 Edition, Robert Morrissey (ed), [[ http://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/.]], viewed 12 July 2013; and in particular http://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/.vol. 1, p. 680 [[http://artflsrv02.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.0:2906:6.encyclopedie0513.7646494]], viewed 12 July 2013, and page from Diderot in this collection (see below)^]. It consists of a weighted metal fork with a lever and spring.  As the first gear (say the units wheel) is rotated from 0 to 9 the fork is lifted and is then released as the gear passes from 9 to 0.  As the weighted fork falls the attached lever pushes the spoke of the next gear (the tens) to rotate that gear by one unit.  Thus unlike the Schickard which relied on single rotation from 0 to 9 to make all necessary carries along a row of gears (which proves impossible if more than 3 or 4 must be moved at once), Pascal used his sautoirs to store potential energy by lifting a weight (the fork) as each gear rotated from 0-9. That stored energy was then ready to rotate the next gear by one unit when the time came for the sautoir to fall causing the next gear to rotate forward by one unit. For more detail on the mechanism of the Pascaline [[PascalineMechanism|click here]].

The replica is a close closely follows the internal and external design of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|"Queen of Poland Pascaline"]] held in Dresden.

Once more the task of building this, together with several copies, took him hundreds of hours over a year. 

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline that survives.  This was an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels it was capable of handling that task well.

Unlike his previous replica (which was not a replica of any particular surviving machine), this is a true replica of the most complicated Pascaline mechanism that survives.  This was an accounting machine, designed to add and subtract large sums of money. And with 10 interacting input wheels it was capable of handling that task well.

This extraordinary replica of the "Queen of Poland" Pascaline is the result of the return of master craftsman [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de|Jan Meyer]]  to the task of fashioning a replica of the most elaborate Pascaline which has survived to this day.  In fashioning this replica Jan Meyer utilised all his experience from his [[earlier replica]], also held in this collection, working even more finely and with great dedication and craftsmanship in brass and mahogany from which the machine is entirely constructed.

%center% %width=500px%



This beautiful replica Pascaline was fashioned with great dedication and craftsmanship by [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de|Jan Meyer]] from brass and mahogany. The task of building this, together with three copies, took him hundreds of hours over two full years.  It is not a replica of any particular surviving machine, but rather, takes as its task to demonstrate that if the principles of the Pascaline are followed faithfully by a dedicated artisan, using the same sorts of materials and techniques, but with the capabilities of a modern workshop, the resulting hand made machine (with its entire mechanism, including its carry mechanism, following that embodied in surviving machines and historical records) will work reliably and smoothly. The resulting replica is a re-creation very much in the style of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_CNAM_QS.jpg|Queen of Sweden Pascaline]] but also of the [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_CNAM_Tardive.jpg|"tardive" Pascaline]] held by the CNAM (Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers) in Paris. It also has some elements of the surviving [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/PA_Dresden.jpg|"Queen of Poland Pascaline"]] held in Dresden[^Together with some minor internal mechanical design variations, most notably the ratcheting "pawls" are slightly offset from their usual position.^].  As with the Queen of Sweden Pascaline this is a "scientific Pascaline" in contrast to most others  of [[Site.SurvivingPascalines|the surviving Pascalines]] (including the Tardive and that at Dresden) which are "accounting Pascalines" configured to add the currency of the period.