The objects below comprise “Collection Calculant” - a collection of “things that count”. (Click on photos to enlarge; click on text for fuller item description.)

For a more detailed collection objects list click here. For their story in context of a history of calculation click here.

Objects

1. Beginnings

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Neo Sumerian
receipt for
ghee & cheese
2100-2000 BC

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Old Babylonian
tag receipt for
sheep carcases
1934-1924 BC

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Abacus
Chinese

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Dice
Ancient Rome
000-300

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Astragalus
Ancient Rome
100-200

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French
jeton
~1480

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Calculi
Ordinum Belgii
1577

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Napier’s Bones
replica
’1617’

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Schickard
replica
’1623’

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Pascaline
exemplar
’~1650’

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Queen of Poland
Pascaline
replica
’~1650’

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Henrion
Traicté de
Logarithms
1626

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Schott
Organum
Mathematicum
1668

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Morland
New arithmetic
instruments
1672

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Callet
Tables
Portatives
1783

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Ropp
Commercial
Calculator
1892

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2. Conversion and Reckoner Devices

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Holm’s
Tobacco Box
for calculating
ship’s speed
Pietr Holms
1793

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Convertiseur
Chaix
1790-1810

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Circular
interest
reckoner
L. Brooks
1849

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Cylindrical
multiplication
reckoner
J. B. Morill
1856

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3. Sectors

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Gunnery Sector
Butterfield
1675-1715

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Arch. Sector
Doublett
1830

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Dividers
English
~1750 & ~1800

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Instruments
Jefferys
1750-1800

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Instruments
Henri Morin
1880

4. Slide Rules

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3 Log rulers
design
Leupold
1626-1676

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Design
Gunter
scale
1626

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Gunter
rule
1831-1843

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Everard pattern
gauger’s slide rule
Edward Roberts
1759-69

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Alcohol strength
slide rule
Joseph Long
1821-84

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Palmer’s
Computing Scale
& Fuller’s
Time Telegraph
1847

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Charpentier
Calculimètre
circular slide
rule
1881

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Engineer’s
slide rule
Tavernier-Gravet
1893-8

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Thacher’s
Calculating
Instrument
Keuffel and Esser
1911

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Bloch
Schnellkalkulator
cutting speed
nomograph
~1924

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Prof Fuller’s
Cylindrical
Slide Rule
Model 2
1926

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Side rule
Keuffel and Esser
1928

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Supremathic
Circular slide rule
~1935

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Der Zeitermittler
cutting speed
nomograph
1947

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Lawrence
cutting speed
calculator
1948

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Fowler
Jubilee Magnum
circular slide rule
1948

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Otis King
Rotary Slide Rule
Type L C
1960

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Russian
Pocket
Slide Rule
1960s

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Novo Duplex
slide rule
Faber Castell
1967

5. Simple adder/subtractors

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Pascaline
replica
(gears &
lever carry)
’~1652’

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Webb
Patent Adder
(geared dials)
C. H. Webb
1869

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Webb
Patent Adder
(geared dials)
C. H. Webb
1889

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Stephenson
(geared dials)
Adder
1890-1900

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Locke
(sliders)
Clarence E. Locke
1905-11

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Adall
(concentric disc)
Adall Company
1910

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Seidell &
Naumann
(chain)
~1910

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Comptator
(rack)
Schubert & Salzer
1910-20s

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Calcumeter
(geared dials)
James Walsh
~1912

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Golden Gem
(chain)
Automatic Adding
Machine Co
1915

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Addiator
(sliders)
Addiator
Gesellschaft
1920

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Addo Mod 2
(rack)
AB Addo
1920

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Conto Mod C
(rotating knobs
& gears)
Carl Landolt
1922

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Scribola
(rack printing)
Ruthard & Co.
1922

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Quixsum
(rotating dials)
Precision Adding
Machine Co.
1930

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Add-O-Matic
(knobbed sliders)
Allied Manuf. Co.
1937

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Lightening
Adder
(gears)
1946

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O.J. Adder
(gears)
Holman
Engineering
1952

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SEE Educational
(gears)
Select. Educ.
Equipment Co.
1968

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6. Early keyboard operated adders

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Spalding
(lever keyboard)
Cyrus G. Spalding,
Boston
1884

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Centigraph
(lever keyboard)
American Adding
Machine Co.
1891

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Adix
(lever keyboard)
Adix Co. Mannheim
1903

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The Adder
(lever keyboard)
Arthur James Postans
~1908

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Kuli
(lever keyboard)
Adix Co. Mannheim
~1909

7. Stepped-drum Arithmometers

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Thomas
de Colmar
Arithmometer
1884

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TIM
’Time is Money’
Ludwig
Spitz & Co
1909

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Bunzel-Denton
Prototype
Arithmometer
~1913

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MADAS Maxima
(auto division)
Arithmometer
~1917

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8. Direct Multiplying & Proportional Rack Calculators

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Schickard
replica
(gear adding
& Napier rods
system)
’1623’

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Bamberger
Omega
(sliders adding
& Napier rods
system)
1904

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Millionaire
Calculating Machine
(rack & rigid
multiplication
table)
1912

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Mercedes-Euklid
Mod 29
(Prop. rack,
auto.division)
1923

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Mercedes-Euklid
Mod 29
Demo.
Machine
1923

9. Pinwheel Calculators

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Brunsviga-
Schuster
Ohdner B
~1896

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Facit
Mod C
1945

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Facit
Mod LX
1950

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Original
Ohdner
Mod 39
1951

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Walther
WSR-160
~1957

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Demo.
Walther
WSR-160
~1957

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10. Comptometers

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‘Woodie’
Comptometer
Felt and Tarrant
1896

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Oil Bottle
Comptometer
Felt and Tarrant
1907

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Bell Sumlock
Comptometer
Bell Punch P/Ltd
1950s

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Bell Punch
Demo.
Components from
~1955

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11. Curta and Alpina (step drum miniaturised calculators)

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Curta
Type 1
very early
pin sliders
1947

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Curta
Type 1
orig Box
1967

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Curta
Type 2
Leather carrying
case
1963

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Alpina
step-drum
& Case
1961

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12. From electromechanical to electronic calculation

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Hertstark badged
(electric step drum)
Badenia Mod TE 13
Duplex
1929

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MADAS
(electric step drum)
Model 20BTG
1950s-60s

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Hewlett Packard
HP-35
Scientific
Pocket
Calculator
July 1972

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Hewlett Packard
HP-45
Scientific
Pocket
Calculator
December 1973

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Hewlett Packard
HP-65
Scientific
Pocket
Calculator
August 1973

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Ephemerae

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Pascaline
Mechanism
Encyclopaedia
Diderot &
D’Alembert
1759

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Napier’s
Rods
Encyclopaedia
Britannica
1797

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Scheutz’s
Difference
Engine
Illust. Lond. News
1855

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Léon Bollée’s
Calculating
Machine
Manuf. & Build.
1890

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Lightening
Calculator
No 2.
1895

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3 Calculating
Machines
Wood Print
Bib. Inst. Leipzig
1901

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5 Calculating
Machines
Wood Print
Bib. Inst. Leipzig
1901

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”Austria”
Calculating
Machine
Hertztark Co.
1913

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Comptometer
Manual
Felt & Tarrant
1921

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Monroe
”Marching
Figures”
Advertisement
1937

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HP-35
Calculator
Advertisement
Scientific
American
1973

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HP-45
Calculator
Advertisement
Scientific
American
1973

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”A Calculator
Chronicle”
300 Years
of Counting
IBM Exhibition
1990

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