Things that Count -

14 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

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* [[http://www.schneemann.de|The late Herbert Schneemann's web site]]: A wonderful private collection of calculators belonging to and documented by the late Herbert Schneemann who contributed so much to the construction of [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated]].

13 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

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* [[https://archive.org]] - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches may be made on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; as well as [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et Machines A Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin
Svoboda]]; and much else.

to:

* [[https://archive.org]] - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches may be made on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; as well as [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et Machines A Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin Svoboda]]; and much else.

13 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

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* [[https://archive.org| - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches may be made on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; as well as [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et Machines A Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin

to:

* [[https://archive.org]] - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches may be made on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; as well as [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et Machines A Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin

13 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

Changed lines 69-71 from:

* [[https://archive.org| - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches ~~on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[~~ https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et
Machines A ~~Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et~~ Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin
Svoboda]]~~, to name just a few~~.

to:

* [[https://archive.org| - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches may be made on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; as well as [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et Machines A Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin
Svoboda]]; and much else.

13 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

Changed lines 69-72 from:

to:

* [[https://archive.org| - allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology. Searches on items such as Monroe calculator; comptometer; [[https://archive.org/details/lecalculmecaniqu00doca |Le Calcul Mecanique]], [[ https://archive.org/details/cataloguedumusee00unse|Catalogue Du Musee Section A Instruments Et
Machines A Calculer - Conservatoire National Des Arts Et Metiers]]; [[https://archive.org/details/rechnenmitmaschidebe|Rechnen mit Maschinen - de Beauclair]]; [[https://archive.org/details/computingmechani00anto|Computing Mechanisms and Linkages - Antonin
Svoboda]], to name just a few.

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->ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

to:

->ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology.

* https://archive.org

->allows an Internet Archive search for manuals and other digitised documents relevant to the history of calculation technology.

13 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

Changed lines 67-72 from:

* [https://www.zotero.org/ancmeca/items|ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

to:

* [[https://www.zotero.org/ancmeca/items|ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

Deleted lines 461-464:

* https://www.zotero.org/ancmeca/items

->ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

Added lines 493-497:

* https://www.zotero.org/ancmeca/items

->ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

13 January 2016 by 210.84.4.97 -

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to:

* [https://www.zotero.org/ancmeca/items|ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

Added lines 461-464:

* https://www.zotero.org/ancmeca/items

->ANCMECA Library - quite a comprehensive collection of digitised documents and references from the history of calculation technology]]

03 November 2014 by 203.206.47.149 -

30 October 2014 by 121.219.109.28 -

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to:

* [[http://arc.reglasdecalculo.org|ARC Regulas de Calculo Foro]]

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* [[http://arc.reglasdecalculo.org|ARC Regulas de Calculo Foro]]

30 October 2014 by 121.219.109.28 -

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* [[http://arc.reglasdecalculo.org|ARC Regulas de Calculo Foro]]

22 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

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* [[http://www.breker.com/LiveAuctions/|Auction Team Breker (Köln (Godorf), Germany)]] run a scientific instruments speciality auction several times per year and occasionally also list items on ebay.

to:

* [[http://www.breker.com/LiveAuctions/|Auction Team Breker (Köln (Godorf), Germany)]] run a scientific instruments speciality auction several times per year and occasionally also list items on ebay. Be aware that when they offer a calculator for sale they frequently attribute to it a much earlier date (for example, the date of the first patent) rather than the actual date of production.

22 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 707 from:

->The Heinz Nixdorf ~~MuseumsForum~~ Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum, situated in Paderborn, Germany.

to:

->The Heinz Nixdorf Museums Forum Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum, situated in Paderborn, Germany.

22 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 225 from:

* [[http://www.thocp.net/index.html|The History of Computing Project]] A collaborative history of computing. Principal Editor Cornelis Robat.

to:

* [[http://www.thocp.net/index.html|The History of Computing Project]] A collaborative history of computing published by The History of Computing Foundation; 4021 VD 14; The Netherlands, Principal Editor Cornelis Robat.

22 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 225 from:

* [[http://www.thocp.net/index.html|The History of Computing Project]] A collaborative history of computing.

to:

* [[http://www.thocp.net/index.html|The History of Computing Project]] A collaborative history of computing. Principal Editor Cornelis Robat.

22 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

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* [[http://www.thocp.net/index.html|The History of Computing Project]] A collaborative history of computing.

17 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

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* Blaise Pascal, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Avis_Blaise_Pascale.pdf| "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un ~~advis necessaire~~ à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.]]

to:

* Blaise Pascal, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Avis_Blaise_Pascale.pdf| "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un avis nécessaire à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.]]

17 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 16 from:

* Blaise Pascal, [[http://~~www~~.~~bibnum.education.fr~~/~~calculinformatique~~/~~calcul~~/~~la-pascaline-la-«%C2%A0machine-qui-relève-du-défaut-de-la-mémoire%C2%A0»~~| "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un advis necessaire à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.]]

to:

* Blaise Pascal, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Avis_Blaise_Pascale.pdf| "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un advis necessaire à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.]]

11 July 2014 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 93 from:

* [[http://www.ami19.org/Arithmetic Machines|Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

to:

* [[http://www.ami19.org|Arithmetic Machines|Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

27 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

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to:

* [[http://www.worthpoint.com/|Worthpoint]] Yet another database of prices realised at auction. Prices are generally only available if you subscribe.

Changed lines 1062-1064 from:

(:ifend:)

to:

* http://www.worthpoint.com/

->Worthpoint.com. Yet another database of prices realised at auction. Prices are generally only available if you subscribe.

(:ifend:)

27 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 367-373:

* [[http://www.kovels.com/2008112713/Price-Guide/collectors-price-guide.html?id=13|Kovels database of prices realised at auction]] Requires the establishing of an account to gain access to prices.

* [[http://www.icollector.com/search.aspx|icollector.com]] Database of prices realised at auction.

* [[http://www.invaluable.com/catalog/advancedSearch.cfm?srchScope=p|invaluable.com]] Database of prices realised at auction.

Changed line 1062 from:

(:ifend:)

to:

(:ifend:)

27 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 1040-1053:

* http://www.kovels.com/2008112713/Price-Guide/collectors-price-guide.html?id=13

->Kovels database of prices realised at auction. Requires the establishing of an account to gain access to prices.

* http://www.icollector.com/search.aspx

->icollector.com database of prices realised at auction.

* http://www.invaluable.com/catalog/advancedSearch.cfm?srchScope=p

->invaluable.com database of prices realised at auction

22 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 108-109:

* [[http://www.hpmuseum.net/index.php|HP Computer Museum]] Another set of comprehensive information on HP calculators including free downloads of reference material.

22 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 106-107:

* [[http://www.hpmuseum.org/collect.htm|The Museum of HP Caclulators]] Comprehensive information on HP calculators including serial number lists.

21 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 102-103:

* [[http://www.home.ix.netcom.com/~hancockm/index.htm|Michael Hancock's Burroughs Calculator Website]] Comprehensive survey of Burroughs calculators including listings by serial number and age, and much more.

06 June 2014 by Jim Falk -

Changed lines 257-258 from:

to:

* [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fv1IawE3Hw4|Thiago Bouzan's Pascaline replicas constructed from Leggo - latest model]], or [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olfNFXJEZOA|prior model]]

Added lines 829-833:

* http://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~smillie/Calculators/Calculators.htm

->Thiago Bouzan's Pascaline replicas constructed from Leggo.

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fv1IawE3Hw4 (latest model), or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olfNFXJEZOA (prior model)

16 May 2014 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 114-115:

* [[http://fr.tcheb.ru/30/|The mechanisms of Tchebyshev]] devoted to preserving the full set of inventions of the great Russian mathematician Pafnuty Lvovich Tchebyshev (1821-1894).

17 April 2014 by 121.220.83.94 -

Changed lines 65-69 from:

* [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php|Detlef Zerfowski|Internet pages about mechanical calculating devices and machines]] in German and English, and with a new book [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php#book_Ad|'/Our World-wide Knowledge on Calculating Machines, Slide Rules and Calculating Tools. An Approach for a Comprehensive Overview of the Knowledge from Past until Present./' ]]

to:

* [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php|Detlef Zerfowski - Internet pages about mechanical calculating devices and machines]] in German and English, and with a new book [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php#book_Ad|'/Our World-wide Knowledge on Calculating Machines, Slide Rules and Calculating Tools. An Approach for a Comprehensive Overview of the Knowledge from Past until Present./' ]]

Added lines 464-466:

* https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php

->Detlef Zerfowski - Internet pages about mechanical calculating devices and machines (in German and English), and with a new book '/Our World-wide Knowledge on Calculating Machines, Slide Rules and Calculating Tools. An Approach for a Comprehensive Overview of the Knowledge from Past until Present./' at https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php#book_Ad

17 April 2014 by 121.220.83.94 -

Added lines 64-66:

* [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php|Detlef Zerfowski|Internet pages about mechanical calculating devices and machines]] in German and English, and with a new book [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php#book_Ad|'/Our World-wide Knowledge on Calculating Machines, Slide Rules and Calculating Tools. An Approach for a Comprehensive Overview of the Knowledge from Past until Present./' ]]

17 April 2014 by 121.220.83.94 -

Changed lines 250-253 from:

to:

* [[http://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~smillie/Calculators/Calculators.htm| Keith Smillie's From Abacus to Silicon Chip]]

Changed lines 317-318 from:

* [[http://~~calculant.meta~~-~~studies~~.net|~~Calculant~~]] - well you must know about that, or you wouldn't be here...

to:

* [[http://things-that-count.net|things-that-count.net]] - well you must know about that, or you wouldn't be here...

Changed lines 814-819 from:

to:

* http://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~smillie/Calculators/Calculators.htm

->Keith Smillie's From Abacus to Silicon Chip

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* http://things-that-count.~~com~~

to:

* http://things-that-count.net

17 April 2014 by 124.170.39.56 -

Changed lines 22-24 from:

* [[http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calcul-et-informatiques/calcul]] Classic scientific articles from before 1940 relevant to calculation, mathematics, and information science. Includes original documents from Pascale and Leibniz.

to:

* [[http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calcul-et-informatiques/calcul|Bibnum (Centre de ressources et d’information multimedia pour l’enseignement supérieur)]] Classic scientific articles from before 1940 relevant to calculation, mathematics, and information science. Includes original documents from Pascale and Leibniz.

Changed line 379 from:

* http://www.bibnum.education.fr/~~recherche~~/~~resultat/liste/~~

to:

* http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calcul-et-informatiques/calcul

17 April 2014 by 124.170.39.56 -

Changed line 22 from:

* [[http://www.bibnum.education.fr/~~recherche~~/~~resultat/liste/|Bibnum~~]] Classic scientific articles from before 1940 relevant to calculation, mathematics, and information science. Includes original documents from Pascale and Leibniz.

to:

* [[http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calcul-et-informatiques/calcul]] Classic scientific articles from before 1940 relevant to calculation, mathematics, and information science. Includes original documents from Pascale and Leibniz.

15 April 2014 by 124.170.39.56 -

Changed lines 181-183 from:

* [[http://en.hnf.de/default.asp|The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum]] Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum, situated in Paderborn, Germany.

to:

* [[http://en.hnf.de/default.asp|The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum]] Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum, situated in Paderborn, Germany.

* [[http://www.si.edu/Museums|The Smithsonian Museums]] have now placed many of the antique calculators in their collections on view. They may be identified by searching for "calculator" in the search box.

15 April 2014 by 124.170.39.56 -

Changed lines 33-34 from:

* [[http://archive.is/www.histoire-informatique.org|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

to:

* [[http://archive.is/www.histoire-informatique.org|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

* [[http://history-computer.com|History of Computers hardware, software, internet...]] A very beautifully developed historical site by Georgi Dalakov in part structured under historical themes and with in that, leading inventors and their inventions, with many pictures of wonderful rare calculator antiques and related ephemerae.

Changed lines 204-205 from:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/|History of Mechanical Calculators]] Part of James Redin's Xnumber World of Personal ~~Caclulators~~ site. Some useful links to documents (also listed in other sites.)

to:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/|History of Mechanical Calculators]] Part of James Redin's Xnumber World of Personal Caculators site. Some useful links to documents (also listed in other sites.) Also a [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/collectors_mech.htm|nice listing of some of the better known calculator collectors]].

Added lines 677-680:

->The Smithsonian Institute. Has now placed its calculator collection on-line. Specific items or "calculator" are retrievable through its on-line search window.

* http://www.si.edu/Museums

12 April 2014 by 203.206.103.138 -

Changed lines 61-64 from:

* [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php|Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel und -maschinen by Detlef Zerfowski]]

to:

* [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php|Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel und -maschinen by Detlef Zerfowski]] including an extensive list of patents and also [[https://www.zerfowski.com/calcLinks.php#calculatingMachines|calculator sites]]

Changed line 452 from:

->Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel und -maschinen by Detlef ~~Zerfowski~~

to:

->Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel und -maschinen by Detlef Zerfowski including an extensive list of patents and also calculator sites

12 April 2014 by 203.206.103.138 -

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to:

* [[https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php|Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel und -maschinen by Detlef Zerfowski]]

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* https://www.zerfowski.com/rechengeraete.php

->Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel und -maschinen by Detlef Zerfowski

12 April 2014 by 203.206.103.138 -

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!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors and Collector Mail Lists

to:

!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors, Collectors Lists, and Collector Mail Lists

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to:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/collectors_mech.htm|Mechanical Calculator Collectors in the Net, list by James Redin]]

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!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors and Collector Mail Lists

to:

!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors, Collectors Lists, and Collector Mail Lists

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to:

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/collectors_mech.htm

->Mechanical Calculator Collectors in the Net listing by James Redin.

12 April 2014 by 203.206.103.138 -

Changed line 102 from:

* [[~~http://~~http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm|History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring]]

to:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm|History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring]]

12 April 2014 by 203.206.103.138 -

Changed lines 100-103 from:

* [[http://www.~~dotpoint~~.com/xnumber/cmisc_facit_page.htm|Facit Page by James Redin]] including a comprehensive list of models of the Facit calculators.

* [[http://www.~~dotpoint~~.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm|History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring]]

to:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/cmisc_facit_page.htm|Facit Page by James Redin]] including a comprehensive list of models of the Facit calculators.

* [[http://http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm|History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring]]

Changed lines 522-523 from:

* http://www.~~dotpoint~~.com/xnumber/cmisc_facit_page.htm

to:

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/cmisc_facit_page.htm

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* http://www.~~dotpoint~~.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm

to:

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm

31 March 2014 by 1800 -

Changed lines 914-916 from:

* http://~~calculant.meta~~-~~studies~~.~~net~~

->~~Calculant~~ - well you must know about that, or you wouldn't be here...

to:

* http://things-that-count.com

->Things that Count - well you must know about that, or you wouldn't be here...

31 March 2014 by 1800 -

Deleted line 60:

* [[https://interstices.info/jcms/c_15272/machines-a-calculer|Interstices - Machines à calculer]]

31 March 2014 by 1800 -

Changed lines 59-61 from:

* [[http://calmeca.free.fr/calculmecanique_php/index_calmeca.php?lang=eng|François Babillot's calculator website]]

to:

* [[http://calmeca.free.fr/calculmecanique_php/index_calmeca.php?lang=eng|François Babillot's calculator website]]

* [[https://interstices.info/jcms/c_15272/machines-a-calculer|Interstices - Machines à calculer]]

31 March 2014 by 1800 -

Changed line 33 from:

* [[http://~~www~~.histoire-informatique.org~~/idx/~~|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

to:

* [[http://archive.is/www.histoire-informatique.org|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

31 March 2014 by 1800 -

Changed line 45 from:

* [[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/~~on-line-docs~~.html|Online documents]] A broad listing of useful links to documents covering the history of calculators.

to:

* [[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/merged.html|Online documents]] A broad listing of useful links to documents covering the history of calculators.

26 March 2014 by 1800 -

Changed line 385 from:

->Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, ~~“Die Rechenmaschinen”~~, 1925, and translated into English as http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/

to:

->Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, '/Die Rechenmaschinen/', 1925, and translated into English as http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/

26 March 2014 by 1800 -

Changed line 31 from:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, "Die Rechenmaschinen", 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, '/Die Rechenmaschinen/', 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

20 March 2014 by 1800 -

26 January 2014 by 203.166.232.87 -

Changed line 37 from:

* [[http://www.johnwolff.id.au~~/calculators/index/~~|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

to:

* [[http://www.johnwolff.id.au|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

26 January 2014 by 203.166.232.87 -

Changed line 37 from:

* [[http://www.johnwolff.id.au/calculators/index~~.htms~~/|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

to:

* [[http://www.johnwolff.id.au/calculators/index/|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

26 January 2014 by 203.166.232.87 -

Changed line 37 from:

* [[http://~~home~~.~~vicnet~~.~~net~~.au/~~~wolff/~~calculators/|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

to:

* [[http://www.johnwolff.id.au/calculators/index.htms/|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

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* [[http://www.madas.ch|Gerald Saudan from Switzerland's MADAS specialist site.]]

16 August 2013 by 203.5.69.180 -

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->~~Índice~~ de las Máquinas de Calcular a comprehensive survey site by Josep Balsach Peig, in Spanish.

to:

->Índice de las Máquinas de Calcular a comprehensive survey site by Josep Balsach Peig, in Spanish.

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(:ifend:)

to:

(:ifend:)

15 August 2013 by 203.166.250.70 -

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->Robert ~~Manley’s~~ Slide Rule Site

to:

->Robert Manley's Slide Rule Site

14 August 2013 by 203.166.250.70 -

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* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, ~~“Die Rechenmaschinen”~~, 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, "Die Rechenmaschinen", 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

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* [[http://www.sliderules.info|Robert ~~Manley’s~~ Slide Rule Site]]

to:

* [[http://www.sliderules.info|Robert Manley's Slide Rule Site]]

14 August 2013 by 203.166.250.70 -

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->Swedish Typewriters Site - listing of antique office calculators From the home page select the "The Collection" in the navigation bar on the left, and then scroll down to the ~~RÄKNEMASKINER~~ / CALCULATORS section.

to:

->Swedish Typewriters Site - listing of antique office calculators From the home page select the "The Collection" in the navigation bar on the left, and then scroll down to the RäKNEMASKINER / CALCULATORS section.

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->~~Beiträge~~ zur Geschichte des mechanischen Rechnens: Contributions to the History of Mechanical Calculation Good list of publications, books and historical articles dealing in particular with the history and internal workings of calculating machines.

to:

->Beiträge zur Geschichte des mechanischen Rechnens: Contributions to the History of Mechanical Calculation Good list of publications, books and historical articles dealing in particular with the history and internal workings of calculating machines.

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(:ifend:)

to:

(:ifend:)

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* Blaise Pascal, http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calculinformatique/calcul/la-pascaline-la-«%C2%A0machine-qui-~~relève~~-du-~~défaut~~-de-la-~~mémoire~~%C2%A0»

-> "Lettre ~~dédicatoire à~~ Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement ~~inventée~~ par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'~~opérations~~ d'~~arithmétique~~, par un mouvement ~~reglé~~, sans plume ny jettons avec un advis necessaire à ceux qui auront ~~curiosité~~ de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.

to:

* Blaise Pascal, http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calculinformatique/calcul/la-pascaline-la-«%C2%A0machine-qui-relève-du-défaut-de-la-mémoire%C2%A0»

-> "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un advis necessaire à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.

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->~~Büromaschinen~~ Lexikon Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

to:

->Büromaschinen Lexikon Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

Changed lines 425-426 from:

->Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel Mechanical Calculating Devices by Wolf G. ~~Blümich~~ (in German.)

to:

->Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel Mechanical Calculating Devices by Wolf G. Blümich (in German.)

Changed lines 437-438 from:

->Índice de las ~~Máquinas~~ de Calcular a comprehensive survey site by Josep Balsach Peig, in Spanish.

to:

->Índice de las Máquinas de Calcular a comprehensive survey site by Josep Balsach Peig, in Spanish.

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->~~François~~ Babillot's calculator website

to:

->François Babillot's calculator website

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->~~Valéry~~ Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer

to:

->Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer

Changed lines 487-488 from:

->Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century ~~Valéry~~ Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

to:

->Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

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->Le cabinet de ~~curiosités~~ d'Yves Serra A nice presentation of information on early calculators (with particular attention to those of Pascale and Leibnitz).

to:

->Le cabinet de curiosités d'Yves Serra A nice presentation of information on early calculators (with particular attention to those of Pascale and Leibnitz).

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->History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer ~~Nöring~~

to:

->History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring

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->Anhang 2.1: Bedienungs- und Serviceanleitungen ~~für~~ Tabellen, Rechenschieber, -scheiben, -walzen und -skalen Instructions for many slide rules.

to:

->Anhang 2.1: Bedienungs- und Serviceanleitungen für Tabellen, Rechenschieber, -scheiben, -walzen und -skalen Instructions for many slide rules.

Changed lines 621-622 from:

->linealis.org "Un site ~~consacré~~ aux instruments du calcul manuel tels que les ~~règles~~ et cercles à calcul, les curseurs, abaques, machines à calculer tenant dans la main, ~~planimètres~~ et ~~intégrateurs~~."

to:

->linealis.org "Un site consacré aux instruments du calcul manuel tels que les règles et cercles à calcul, les curseurs, abaques, machines à calculer tenant dans la main, planimètres et intégrateurs."

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->Insterstices Machines à calculer l'association pour le ~~musée~~ international du calcul, de l'informatique et de l'automatique de Valbonne Sophia Antipolis (Amisa ) ~~présente~~ quelques ~~pièces~~ de son patrimoine.

to:

->Insterstices Machines à calculer l'association pour le musée international du calcul, de l'informatique et de l'automatique de Valbonne Sophia Antipolis (Amisa ) présente quelques pièces de son patrimoine.

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->Aus der Rechenmaschinen-Werkstatt von D. ~~Bölter~~

to:

->Aus der Rechenmaschinen-Werkstatt von D. Bölter

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->~~François~~ Babillot's Database of Antique Calculators

to:

->François Babillot's Database of Antique Calculators

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->ANCMECA - machine ~~à écrire mécanique~~ et à la machine à calculer ~~mécanique~~ in multiple languages.

to:

->ANCMECA - machine à écrire mécanique et à la machine à calculer mécanique in multiple languages.

Changed lines 816-817 from:

->IFHB Internationales Forum Historische ~~Bürowelt~~ e.V. with also an extensive set of links to other relevant sites.

to:

->IFHB Internationales Forum Historische Bürowelt e.V. with also an extensive set of links to other relevant sites.

Changed lines 976-977 from:

->Auction Team Breker (~~Köln~~ (Godorf), Germany) run a scientific instruments speciality auction several times per year and occasionally also list items on ebay.

to:

->Auction Team Breker (Köln (Godorf), Germany) run a scientific instruments speciality auction several times per year and occasionally also list items on ebay.

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(:if equal {Site.PrintBook$:PSW} "False":)

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* [[http://historydb.adlerplanetarium.org/signatures/|Webster Signature Database]] Provides an excellent starting point for searching for details of past makers of scientific instruments.

to:

* [[http://historydb.adlerplanetarium.org/signatures/|Webster Signature Database]] Provides an excellent starting point for searching for details of past makers of scientific instruments.

(:ifend:)

(:if equal {Site.PrintBook$:PSW} "True":)

This is a collection of electronic resources (including selected links to other relevant websites) which form part of the background to the collected objects and associated analysis.

!! Early books

* John Napier, http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/Rabdologiae_seu_numerationis_per_virgula.pdf

->Rabdologiae seu numerationis per vigula, 1628 (first published 1617).

* Blaise Pascal, http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calculinformatique/calcul/la-pascaline-la-«%C2%A0machine-qui-relève-du-défaut-de-la-mémoire%C2%A0»

-> "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un advis necessaire à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.

* Jacob Leupold, http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/TheatrumArithmeticoGeometricum.pdf

->Theatrum Arithmetico-Geometricum das ist: Schau-Platz der Rechen- und Mess-Kunst. . . . Christoph Zunkel, Leipzig, 1774 (first edition 1727). The best illustrated book on calculation and measurement published during the eighteenth century.

* http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/math/browse/title/a.php

->Cornell University Library Historical Math Monographs. A wonderful collection of early mathematics books generally able to be read on line.

* http://www.bibnum.education.fr/recherche/resultat/liste/

->Bibnum Classic scientific articles from before 1940 relevant to calculation, mathematics, and information science. Includes original documents from Pascale and Leibniz.

!! Key websites

!!! Survey websites

* http://www.rechnerlexikon.de/en/artikel/Main_Page

->Rechnerlexicon The leading and most comprehensive survey site for calculator specialists and collectors with information about almost every known mechanical calculator and a database of more than 23750 patents.

* http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/

->Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/

->Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines", MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

* http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/

->Histoire de l'Informatique Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

* http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html

->Büromaschinen Lexikon Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

* http://home.vicnet.net.au/~wolff/calculators/

->John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

* http://w1.131.telia.com/~u13101111/typewriters.html

->Swedish Typewriters Site - listing of antique office calculators From the home page select the "The Collection" in the navigation bar on the left, and then scroll down to the RÄKNEMASKINER / CALCULATORS section.

* http://www.ph-ludwigsburg.de/fileadmin/subsites/2e-imix-t-01/user_files/mmm/mmm_online/

->Mathematisches Maschinenemuseum Good historical summaries and a nice set of videos of machines in action.

*http://www.mechrech.info

->Beiträge zur Geschichte des mechanischen Rechnens: Contributions to the History of Mechanical Calculation Good list of publications, books and historical articles dealing in particular with the history and internal workings of calculating machines.

* http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/on-line-docs.html

->Online documents A broad listing of useful links to documents covering the history of calculators.

* http://calcollect.free.fr/machines/macha.htm

->Michel Bardel's list Tentative list of all existing mechanical machines since 1820, together with FAQs and serial numbers. An invaluable reference source.

* http://www.thocp.net/timeline/1620.htm

->History of Computer Antiquity

* http://bluemich.net/rechner/

->Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel Mechanical Calculating Devices by Wolf G. Blümich (in German.)

* http://www.madeasy.de/2/mathe.htm

->Mathematics site by Reiner Hoffmann in German.

* http://www.opticaliamuseum.com/drawing/

->Opticalia Museum - museum menu is working, but the catalogue menu was still under construction in May 2012.

* http://www.mipaginapersonal.movistar.es/web3/calculating/LLIBRE%20JPG/INDEX%20SOLO.htm#alfa

->Índice de las Máquinas de Calcular a comprehensive survey site by Josep Balsach Peig, in Spanish.

* http://calmeca.free.fr/calculmecanique_php/index_calmeca.php?lang=eng

->François Babillot's calculator website

!!! Manuals and Instructions

* http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/default.htm

->Calculator Manuals from Rechenwerkzeug.de

* http://www.nicolamarras.it/calcolatoria/downloads_en.html

->Calcolatoria downloads

* http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/page62.html

->Mathematical Instruments Catalogues and Brochures

* http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/manuales-instructions/

->Prehistoria de la Informatica Office Collectibles

* http://users.lewiston.com/ejorgens/office/miscellaneous/miscellaneous.html

->Miscellaneous Manuals Pay site, but if you can't get these elsewhere...

* http://officemachinemanuals.com/catalog/miscellaneous.htm

->Office Machines America Pay site.

* http://www.mechanicalculator.com/manuals/

->Collection of Kees Nagtegaal useful set of manuals for slide rules and the more common calculators.

* http://http://www.mccoys-kecatalogs.com/KEManuals/manuals.htm

->Keuffel & Esser Slide Rule Manuals and Catalogues site by Clark McCoy.

!!! Specialist websites

* http://www.arithmometre.org

->Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer

* http://www.ami19.org/Arithmetic Machines

->Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

* http://mortati.com/glusker/elecmech/refslinks.htm

->Electromechanical calculating machines from the 1960's includes extensive lists of other relevant links and books.

* http://ajmdeman.awardspace.info/

->Original documents on the History of Calculators

* http://www.yvesserra.fr/

->Le cabinet de curiosités d'Yves Serra A nice presentation of information on early calculators (with particular attention to those of Pascale and Leibnitz).

* http://www2.cruzio.com/~vagabond/ComptHome.html

->Comptometer Website Very authoritative website on the Felt & Tarrant Comptometer.

* http://www.vcalc.net/

->The Calculator Reference Comprehensive coverage of http://www.vcalc.net/cu.htm

->Curta, http://www.vcalc.net/hp.htm

->Hewlett Packard, and http://www.vcalc.net/ti.htm

->Texas Instrument calculators. Includes links to other sites and manuals.

* http://home.comcast.net/~wtodhner/calcs.html

->William Ohdner's site commemorating the Ohdner calculator

* http://www.dotpoint.com/xnumber/cmisc_facit_page.htm

->Facit Page by James Redin including a comprehensive list of models of the Facit calculators.

* http://www.dotpoint.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm

->History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring

* http://www.taswegian.com/MOSCOW/soviet.html

->Museum of Soviet Calculators

* http://rk86.com/frolov/calcolle.htm

->Soviet Calculators Collection

* http://officemachinemanuals.com/

->Office Machines Americana including a useful set of manuals.

* http://www.calculators.de/

->Museum of Pocket Calculating Devices mainly focussing on electronic pocket calculators.

* https://plus.google.com/photos/103618537816338035609/albums?banner=pwa

->John Huey's Picasawebalbum with illustrations of a wide range of Addiator Troncet calculators.

!!! Gunter Scales & Sectors

* http://www.rainerstumpe.de/HTML/erl01.html

->Gunter Works All about Gunter Scales and Sectors and how to use them (mostly in German but also in part in English)

!!! Slide Rules

* http://sliderulemuseum.com/

->International Slide Rule Museum

* http://sliderulemuseum.com/HSRC_Menu.htm

->Herman van Herwijnen's Slide Rule Catalogue "LITE"

* http://www.hh.schule.de/metalltechnik-didaktik/museum/rechenschieber/scheiben/rs9.htm

->Rechenscheiber im Online-Museum

* http://www.sliderule.ca/

->Eric's Slide Rule Site

* http://sliderule.ozmanor.com/index.html

->Greg's slide rules

* http://www.sliderules.info

->Robert Manley’s Slide Rule Site

* http://bluemich.net/rechner/rma21.htm#14

->Anhang 2.1: Bedienungs- und Serviceanleitungen für Tabellen, Rechenschieber, -scheiben, -walzen und -skalen Instructions for many slide rules.

* http://oughtred.org/

->The Oughtred Society

* http://sliderules.lovett.com/cookiedev/extendedlitsearch.html

->Scanned back issues of the Oughtred Society Journal and other publications An essential reference site for enthusiasts. Access to the last five years publications requires a password and username to be provided by the Society.

*http://www.rekeninstrumenten.nl/index.html

->Dutch Circle for Historical Calculating Instruments

* http://www.hpmuseum.org/sliderul.htm

->Museum of HP Calculators History of Slide Rules

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/hp.htm

->The Death of the Slide Rule by James Redin

* http://www.sliderule.it/

->Collection of Giovanni Breda

* http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm

->International Slide Rule Museum A survey site focussing primarily on slide rules with a wealth of links and other material including other related sites, and manuals and related material. See also its helpful and comprehensive http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm

->links page.

* http://www.svpal.org/~dickel/OK/OtisKing.html

->Otis King's Patent Calculator Specialist site focussing on the Otis King cylindrical sliderule.

* http://linealis.org/

->linealis.org "Un site consacré aux instruments du calcul manuel tels que les règles et cercles à calcul, les curseurs, abaques, machines à calculer tenant dans la main, planimètres et intégrateurs."

* http://www.sphere.bc.ca/test/2archives.html

->The Slide Rule Universe by Sphere research corporation.

!!! Measuring & Drawing Instruments

* http://collectingme.com/measuring/

->CollectingMe.com Some nice examples of various antique measuring instruments.

* http://www.petergh.f2s.com/instruments2.html

->Peter Giringhelli's collection of measuring and drawing instruments, and rules

* http://geometricum.jimdo.com/collection/scientific-instruments/

->Geometricum Markus Geissbuehler presents a systematic presentation of scientific instruments, in particular astronomical, drawing instruments and surveying instruments from Roman to C19

* http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/page6.html

->Mathematical Instruments: A Private Collection

!!! Museums

* http://www.arithmeum.uni-bonn.de/

->The Arithmeum, Bonn A specialist museum focussed on the history of calculation, housing many rare and precious antique calculators.

*http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/onlinestuff/museum_objects/mathematics.aspx?page=1

->Science Museum (UK)

* http://en.hnf.de/default.asp

->The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum, situated in Paderborn, Germany.

* http://www.arithmometre.org/Musees/PageMusees.html

->List of museums at www.arithmometer.org

* http://www.landesmuseum-stuttgart.de/

->Stuttgart Landesmuseum

* http://www.ph-ludwigsburg.de/fileadmin/subsites/2e-imix-t-01/user_files/mmm/mmm_online/

->Mathematische Maschinenmuseum. Collection of the Hochschule in Ludwigsburg (Germany)

* http://www.uni-greifswald.de/~wwwmathe/RTS/node2.html

->University of Greifswald An extensive mechanical calculator collection.

* http://http://www.radiomuseum.org/museum/d/computer-museum-der-rwth-aachen/.html

->Computer Museum Aachen Primarily electronic computers.

* http://www.compustory.com/

->The Museum of Modern Human Progress (The American Computer Museum)

* http://www.computermuseum.nl/collecti.html

->Stichting Computermuseum (Netherlands)

* http://www.computerhistory.org

->The Computer History Museum (Mountain View, California, USA)

* http://interstices.info/jcms/c_15272/machines-a-calculer

->Insterstices Machines à calculer l'association pour le musée international du calcul, de l'informatique et de l'automatique de Valbonne Sophia Antipolis (Amisa ) présente quelques pièces de son patrimoine.

!!! Other Useful Sites

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/

->History of Mechanical Calculators Part of James Redin's Xnumber World of Personal Caclulators site. Some useful links to documents (also listed in other sites.)

* http://www.vintagecalculators.com/index.html

->Vintage Calculators Website A significant number of photos of the more widely collected old mechanical calculators, together with a survey of electrical and electronic machines.

* http://www.crisvandevel.de/links.htm

->Recommended links by Chris from Calclist

* http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/

->rechenwerkzeug Reinhard Atzbach's site with a very nice range of antique calculators generally in very nice condition, and an extensive listing of http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/literat.htm

->relevant literature (in German).

* http://www.computissimo.ch/v-fran/calcul.htm

->Calculatrice

* http://www.earlyofficemuseum.com/calculating_machines.htm

->The Early Office Museum

* http://www.boelters.de/Rechenmaschinen/index.html

->Aus der Rechenmaschinen-Werkstatt von D. Bölter

* http://retrocalculators.com/default.aspx

->Retrocalculators.com

* http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/default.htm

->Mein Rechner tut's auch ohne Strom...

* http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de/

->Jan Meyer's Geschichte der Rechenhilfsmittel

* http://www.schneemann.de/index.htm

->Schneemanns web page

* http://www.w-hasselo.nl/mechn/index.php

->Wim Hasselo's comprehensive website

* http://www.crisvandevel.de/

->Cris Vandevel's Antique Mechanical Four-species Calculators

* http://calmeca.free.fr/calculmecanique_php/recherche_BDD/appel_resu_trouve_fichier.php?lang=eng

->François Babillot's Database of Antique Calculators

* http://www.hpmuseum.org/prehp.htm

->General calculator list from the "Museum of HP Calculators"

* http://www.yesterdaysoffice.com/

->Yesterday's Office includes a forum for collectors of office antiques.

* http://en.wikicollecting.org/calculators

->WikiCollecting article on collecting calculators

* http://www.gbreda.it/mechcalc/link.php

->Giovanni Breda's list of calculator collector and calculator & slide rule websites

* http://pactu.com/

->Philip A Cannon II's site with a great deal of information cataloguing makers of instruments.

* http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.html

->Mid-West Tool Collectors Association List of US antique tool dealers (not particularly calculators, but some relevant tools are accessible).

* http://public.beuth-hochschule.de/~hamann/

->Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian-M. Hamann's calculator site

* http://www.mortati.com/glusker/elecmech/index.htm

->Mark Glusker's calculator site

!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors and Collector Mail Lists

* http://www.lsoft.com/scripts/wl.exe?SL1=CALCLIST-L&H=LISTSERV.TECHNION.AC.IL

->CALCLIST a "must" subscription for the serious calculator collector.

* http://groups.google.com/group/oldcalculatorforum

->Old Calculator Forum e-mail list website mainly but not exclusively focussing on electric and early electronic calculators.

* http://groups.yahoo.com/group/oldcalcs/

->Old Electronic Calculators Yahoo group primarily for old electronic calculators.

* http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/sliderule/messages

->Yahoo slide-rule group. It is very active.

* http://calcollect.free.fr/

->ANCMECA - machine à écrire mécanique et à la machine à calculer mécanique in multiple languages.

* http://ifhbev.de/index.php?id=5

->IFHB Internationales Forum Historische Bürowelt e.V. with also an extensive set of links to other relevant sites.

* http://www.webring.org/hub?ring=calculator

->Webring of Calculator Collecting simply a web-ring for those interested.

* http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/index.php?group=1600s

->Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization a nice timeline with links.

!!! Personal Collections

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/collectors_mech.htm

->List of famous calculator collectors

* http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/

->Another list of collectors

* http://www.calculators.szrek.com/

->Collection of Walter Szrek

* http://www.jmgoldman.com/

->Collection of Jay M. Goldman

* http://www.nzeldes.com/HOC/HOC_Core.htm

->Nathan's Possibly Interesting History of Computing Website

* http://www.hpricecpa.com/typewriterinfo9.html#acam

->Collection of Herman Price

* http://www.mechanicalculator.com/

->Collection of Kees Nagtegaal

* http://machineacalculer.free.fr/

->Collection of Christophe Mery

* http://www.calculi.nl/

->Collection of Nico Baaijens

* http://www.gateman.com/museum/c3.html

->Topeka Computing Museum - "Ed's 948 Collection"

* http://www.peterkernwein.de/

->Collection of Peter Kernwein

* http://www.oldbits.com/collection.htm

->"Old Bits" collection of Frank Salomon

* http://www.thimet.de/CalcCollection/Contents.html

->Calculator Collection of Anthon (Tony) Thimet

* http://users.skynet.be/Fredscalculators/main.htm

->Fred's Mechanical Calculators Calculator collection of Fred Haegen

* http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/

->Prehistoriadelainformatica High quality collection of office machines by Eduardo Guillem, in Spanish. Includes a fine selection of http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/calculadoras-calculators/

->antique mechanical calculators and a number of http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/manuales-instructions/

->manuals.

* http://www.tcocd.de/index.shtml

->Collection of Andreas Tabak

* http://www.ulisse.bs.it/museo/index.htm

->Museo didattico del Computer in Itallian

* http://www.telmachines.nl

->Telmachineverzameling Bob de Groot in Dutch

* http://www.vierkantvoorwiskunde.nl/sikkepit/Rekenapparaten.html#terugvankleine

->sikkepit Collection of Jantine Bloemhof (in Dutch) primarily aimed at demonstrating to school children different ways of doing calculations before the advent of electronic calculators.

* http://calculant.meta-studies.net

->Calculant - well you must know about that, or you wouldn't be here...

!!! Online stores
Some useful stores of antique scientific instruments. (Calculant has no financial connection with any of these stores and cannot vouch for anything advertised. Caveat Emptor applies!)

* http://www.fleaglass.com/

->Fleaglass - a store front for a range of private sellers and dealers for various categories of antique scientific instruments including those for calculation

* http://www.gemmary.com/

->The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books - both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Pricing tends to conform to the high quality of both the objects and the great care and expertise with which they are described, questions answered, and orders executed. The proprietor, Dr RC Blankenhorn is a well known expert in this field.

* http://ebay.com

->ebay US, http://ebay.com.au

->ebay Australia, http://ebay.de

->ebay Germany, http://ebay.at

->ebay Austria, http://ebay.fr

->ebay France, http://www.ebay.co.uk/

->ebay UK, http://www.ebay.it/

->ebay Italy and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own in judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

* http://www.gilai.com/topcat_14/Scientific-Instruments

->Gilai Collectibles.

* http://www.etesseract.com/

->Teseract Early Scientific Instruments - a pricey but high quality inventory of antique scientific instruments including a notable collection of rules, sectors, and surveying and measuring instruments.

* http://www.patented-antiques.com/Backpages/survey/Drafting.htm

->Meeker's Mechanical Nature Antiques - a cheap but generally not very old set of rules and drawing instruments.

* http://www.thebestthings.com/measurin.htm

->The Best of Things - primarily of interest for vintage measuring tools, primarily but not only from America.

* http://www.sis.org.uk/dealers

->Scientific Instrument Society - UK listing of dealers in scientific instruments, notably including mathematical instruments.

* http://www.asiuk.net/

->Antique Scientific Instruments U.K..

* http://www.newbegin.com/html/scientific.html

-> Newbegin Antiques.

* http://www.antiques-sci-tech.com/wcat26.html

->Antiques of Science and Technology A short list of calculators, prices on application.

* http://www.breker.com/LiveAuctions/

->Auction Team Breker (Köln (Godorf), Germany) run a scientific instruments speciality auction several times per year and occasionally also list items on ebay.

* http://www.bonhams.com/

->Bonhams (London) run occasional auctions of scientific instruments.

!!! Reference

* http://historydb.adlerplanetarium.org/signatures/

->Webster Signature Database Provides an excellent starting point for searching for details of past makers of scientific instruments.
(:ifend:)

18 July 2013 by 58.6.237.118 -

Changed line 94 from:

* [[http://www.vcalc.net/~~cu.htm~~|The ~~Curta Page~~]] Comprehensive coverage of ~~the Curta calculator~~. ~~Includes links to other Curta sites and manuals~~.

to:

* [[http://www.vcalc.net/|The Calculator Reference]] Comprehensive coverage of [[http://www.vcalc.net/cu.htm|Curta]], [[http://www.vcalc.net/hp.htm|Hewlett Packard]], and [[http://www.vcalc.net/ti.htm|Texas Instrument]] calculators. Includes links to other sites and manuals.

02 June 2013 by 124.168.116.8 -

Added lines 14-15:

* Blaise Pascal, [[http://www.bibnum.education.fr/calculinformatique/calcul/la-pascaline-la-«%C2%A0machine-qui-relève-du-défaut-de-la-mémoire%C2%A0»| "Lettre dédicatoire à Monseigneur le Chancelier sur le sujet de la machine nouvellement inventée par le Sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes d'opérations d'arithmétique, par un mouvement reglé, sans plume ny jettons avec un advis necessaire à ceux qui auront curiosité de voir ladite machine, & de s'en servir", 1645.]]

06 November 2012 by 58.6.229.215 -

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to:

* [[http://http://www.mccoys-kecatalogs.com/KEManuals/manuals.htm|Keuffel & Esser Slide Rule Manuals and Catalogues]] site by Clark McCoy.

Changed line 334 from:

* [[http://historydb.adlerplanetarium.org/signatures/|Webster Signature Database]] Provides an excellent starting point for searching for details of past makers of scientific instruments.

to:

* [[http://historydb.adlerplanetarium.org/signatures/|Webster Signature Database]] Provides an excellent starting point for searching for details of past makers of scientific instruments.

24 July 2012 by 58.179.146.84 -

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(:Title e-Library:)

22 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Added lines 84-85:

* [[http://www.yvesserra.fr/|Le cabinet de curiosités d'Yves Serra]] A nice presentation of information on early calculators (with particular attention to those of Pascale and Leibnitz).

Deleted lines 198-199:

* [[http://www.yvesserra.fr/|Le cabinet de curiosités d'Yves Serra]] A nice presentation of information on early calculators (with particular attention to those of Pascale and Leibnitz).

22 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Added lines 197-198:

* [[http://www.yvesserra.fr/|Le cabinet de curiosités d'Yves Serra]] A nice presentation of information on early calculators (with particular attention to those of Pascale and Leibnitz).

22 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Changed line 78 from:

* [[~~https~~://~~plus~~.~~google~~.~~com~~/~~photos/103618537816338035609/albums?banner=pwa|Arithmetical~~ Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

to:

* [[http://www.ami19.org/Arithmetic Machines|Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

22 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

20 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Changed lines 54-56 from:

to:

* [[http://calmeca.free.fr/calculmecanique_php/index_calmeca.php?lang=eng|François Babillot's calculator website]]

Added lines 120-121:

* [[http://sliderule.ozmanor.com/index.html|Greg's slide rules]]

Changed lines 142-147 from:

to:

* [[http://linealis.org/|linealis.org]] "Un site consacré aux instruments du calcul manuel tels que les règles et cercles à calcul, les curseurs, abaques, machines à calculer tenant dans la main, planimètres et intégrateurs."

* [[http://www.sphere.bc.ca/test/2archives.html|The Slide Rule Universe]] by Sphere research corporation.

Changed lines 183-184 from:

to:

* [[http://interstices.info/jcms/c_15272/machines-a-calculer|Insterstices Machines à calculer]] l'association pour le musée international du calcul, de l'informatique et de l'automatique de Valbonne Sophia Antipolis (Amisa ) présente quelques pièces de son patrimoine.

Changed lines 228-232 from:

to:

* [[http://public.beuth-hochschule.de/~hamann/|Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian-M. Hamann's calculator site]]

* [[http://www.mortati.com/glusker/elecmech/index.htm|Mark Glusker's calculator site]]

Added lines 260-261:

* [[http://www.calculators.szrek.com/|Collection of Walter Szrek]]

Added lines 269-270:

* [[http://machineacalculer.free.fr/|Collection of Christophe Mery]]

20 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Added lines 16-18:

* [[http://www.bibnum.education.fr/recherche/resultat/liste/|Bibnum]] Classic scientific articles from before 1940 relevant to calculation, mathematics, and information science. Includes original documents from Pascale and Leibniz.

16 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Changed line 280 from:

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] - both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. ~~Often a bit pricey but quality is generally very high and~~ the ~~proprietor, Dr RC Blankenhorn is~~ expert in this field.

to:

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] - both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Pricing tends to conform to the high quality of both the objects and the great care and expertise with which they are described, questions answered, and orders executed. The proprietor, Dr RC Blankenhorn is a well known expert in this field.

11 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Changed line 224 from:

* [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/sliderule/messages]] Yahoo slide-rule group. It is very active.

to:

* [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/sliderule/messages|Yahoo slide-rule group. It is very active.]]

11 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

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* [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/sliderule/messages]] Yahoo slide-rule group. It is very active.

11 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

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* [[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/oldcalcs/|Old Electronic Calculators]] Yahoo group primarily for old electronic calculators.

05 July 2012 by 211.27.111.182 -

Added lines 163-169:

* [[http://http://www.radiomuseum.org/museum/d/computer-museum-der-rwth-aachen/.html|Computer Museum Aachen]] Primarily electronic computers.

* [[http://www.compustory.com/|The Museum of Modern Human Progress (The American Computer Museum)]]

* [[http://www.computermuseum.nl/collecti.html|Stichting Computermuseum (Netherlands)]]

* [[http://www.computerhistory.org|The Computer History Museum (Mountain View, California, USA)]]

04 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Changed line 15 from:

* [[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/math/browse/title/a.php|Cornell University Library Historical Math Monographs]] a wonderful collection of early mathematics books generally able to be read on line.

to:

* [[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/math/browse/title/a.php|Cornell University Library Historical Math Monographs]]. A wonderful collection of early mathematics books generally able to be read on line.

04 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Added lines 14-15:

* [[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/math/browse/title/a.php|Cornell University Library Historical Math Monographs]] a wonderful collection of early mathematics books generally able to be read on line.

04 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

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* [[http://www.sliderules.info|Robert Manley’s Slide Rule Site]]

04 July 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

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* [[http://www2.cruzio.com/~vagabond/ComptHome.html|Comptometer Website]] Very authoritative website on the Felt & Tarrant Comptometer ~~(although no longer maintained as thoroughly)~~.

to:

* [[http://www2.cruzio.com/~vagabond/ComptHome.html|Comptometer Website]] Very authoritative website on the Felt & Tarrant Comptometer.

14 June 2012 by 58.6.185.246 -

Added lines 116-117:

* [[http://sliderules.lovett.com/cookiedev/extendedlitsearch.html|Scanned back issues of the Oughtred Society Journal and other publications]] An essential reference site for enthusiasts. Access to the last five years publications requires a password and username to be provided by the Society.

26 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed line 1 from:

This is a collection of electronic resources which form part of the background to the collected objects and associated analysis.

to:

This is a collection of electronic resources (including selected links to other relevant websites) which form part of the background to the collected objects and associated analysis.

26 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 106-107:

* [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/HSRC_Menu.htm|Herman van Herwijnen's Slide Rule Catalogue "LITE"]]

26 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

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* [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm|International Slide Rule Museum]] A survey site focussing primarily on slide rules with a wealth of links and other material including other related sites, and manuals and related material. See also its helpful and comprehensive [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm|links page]].

to:

* [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm|International Slide Rule Museum]] A survey site focussing primarily on slide rules with a wealth of links and other material including other related sites, and manuals and related material. See also its helpful and comprehensive [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm|links page]].

* [[http://www.svpal.org/~dickel/OK/OtisKing.html|Otis King's Patent Calculator]] Specialist site focussing on the Otis King cylindrical sliderule.

26 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed line 174 from:

* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/default.htm]]

to:

* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/default.htm|Mein Rechner tut's auch ohne Strom...]]

26 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

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* [[http://www.earlyofficemuseum.com/calculating_machines.htm|The Early Office Museum]]

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

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* [[http://users.skynet.be/Fredscalculators/main.htm|Fred's Mechanical Calculators ]]Calculator collection of Fred Haegen

to:

* [[http://users.skynet.be/Fredscalculators/main.htm|Fred's Mechanical Calculators]] Calculator collection of Fred Haegen

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed lines 164-165 from:

* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/~~literat.htm~~|Reinhard Atzbach's ~~extensive list of relevant literature]] (in~~ German)

to:

* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/|rechenwerkzeug]] Reinhard Atzbach's site with a very nice range of antique calculators generally in very nice condition, and an extensive listing of [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/literat.htm|relevant literature]] (in German).

Added lines 237-238:

* [[http://users.skynet.be/Fredscalculators/main.htm|Fred's Mechanical Calculators ]]Calculator collection of Fred Haegen

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

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to:

* [[http://www.mipaginapersonal.movistar.es/web3/calculating/LLIBRE%20JPG/INDEX%20SOLO.htm#alfa|Índice de las Máquinas de Calcular]] a comprehensive survey site by Josep Balsach Peig, in Spanish.

Changed line 201 from:

* [[http://groups.google.com/group/oldcalculatorforum|Old Calculator Forum]]

to:

* [[http://groups.google.com/group/oldcalculatorforum|Old Calculator Forum]] e-mail list website mainly but not exclusively focussing on electric and early electronic calculators.

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed lines 147-149 from:

to:

* [[http://www.ph-ludwigsburg.de/fileadmin/subsites/2e-imix-t-01/user_files/mmm/mmm_online/|Mathematische Maschinenmuseum]]. Collection of the Hochschule in Ludwigsburg (Germany)

* [[http://www.uni-greifswald.de/~wwwmathe/RTS/node2.html|University of Greifswald]] An extensive mechanical calculator collection.

Changed lines 195-196 from:

!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors

to:

!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors and Collector Mail Lists

Added lines 199-200:

* [[http://groups.google.com/group/oldcalculatorforum|Old Calculator Forum]]

Changed lines 236-237 from:

* [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/|Prehistoriadelainformatica]] High quality collection of office machines by Eduardo Guillem, in Spanish.
~~A beautiful collection of Eduardo Guillem (Spain).~~ Includes a fine selection of [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/calculadoras-calculators/|antique mechanical calculators]] and a number of [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/manuales-instructions/|manuals]].

to:

* [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/|Prehistoriadelainformatica]] High quality collection of office machines by Eduardo Guillem, in Spanish. Includes a fine selection of [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/calculadoras-calculators/|antique mechanical calculators]] and a number of [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/manuales-instructions/|manuals]].

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed lines 41-42 from:

* [[http://bluemich.net/rechner/|~~Mechanical Calculating Devices by Wolf~~ G. Blümich]] in German.

to:

* [[http://bluemich.net/rechner/|Mechanische Rechenhilfsmittel]] Mechanical Calculating Devices by Wolf G. Blümich (in German.)

Changed lines 69-72 from:

* [[https://plus.google.com/photos/103618537816338035609/albums?banner=pwa|Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19.

* [[http://www.ami19.org|Arithmetic Machines and ~~Instruments of the C19]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector~~.

to:

* [[https://plus.google.com/photos/103618537816338035609/albums?banner=pwa|Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19 (in French and English).

Added lines 230-232:

* [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/|Prehistoriadelainformatica]] High quality collection of office machines by Eduardo Guillem, in Spanish.
A beautiful collection of Eduardo Guillem (Spain). Includes a fine selection of [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/calculadoras-calculators/|antique mechanical calculators]] and a number of [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/manuales-instructions/|manuals]].

Added lines 236-239:

* [[http://www.telmachines.nl|Telmachineverzameling Bob de Groot]] in Dutch

* [[http://www.vierkantvoorwiskunde.nl/sikkepit/Rekenapparaten.html#terugvankleine|sikkepit]] Collection of Jantine Bloemhof (in Dutch) primarily aimed at demonstrating to school children different ways of doing calculations before the advent of electronic calculators.

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 68-69:

* [[https://plus.google.com/photos/103618537816338035609/albums?banner=pwa|Arithmetical Machines & Instruments / 19th century]] Valéry Monnier's other set of images and details of some of the most rare and precious calculating machines of the C19.

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 92-93:

* [[https://plus.google.com/photos/103618537816338035609/albums?banner=pwa|John Huey's Picasawebalbum]] with illustrations of a wide range of Addiator Troncet calculators.

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed lines 19-20 from:

* [[http://www.rechnerlexikon.de/en/~~wiki.phtml?title=Spezial:Patentpage~~|~~World-wide Patent Database from the Encyclopaedia of Mechanical Calculators]]~~.

to:

* [[http://www.rechnerlexikon.de/en/artikel/Main_Page|Rechnerlexicon]] The leading and most comprehensive survey site for calculator specialists and collectors with information about almost every known mechanical calculator and a database of more than 23750 patents.

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to:

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 19-20:

* [[http://www.rechnerlexikon.de/en/wiki.phtml?title=Spezial:Patentpage|World-wide Patent Database from the Encyclopaedia of Mechanical Calculators]].

Deleted lines 38-39:

* [[http://www.rechnerlexikon.de/en/wiki.phtml?title=Spezial:Patentpage|World-wide Patent Database from the Encyclopaedia of Mechanical Calculators]].

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 257-258:

* [[http://www.antiques-sci-tech.com/wcat26.html|Antiques of Science and Technology]] A short list of calculators, prices on application.

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added line 99:

Added lines 119-120:

* [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm|International Slide Rule Museum]] A survey site focussing primarily on slide rules with a wealth of links and other material including other related sites, and manuals and related material. See also its helpful and comprehensive [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/SR_Links.htm|links page]].

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Changed line 257 from:

* [[http://www.bonhams.com/|Bonhams (London)]] run auctions of scientific instruments ~~at least once per year~~.

to:

* [[http://www.bonhams.com/|Bonhams (London)]] run occasional auctions of scientific instruments.

25 May 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 254-257:

* [[http://www.breker.com/LiveAuctions/|Auction Team Breker (Köln (Godorf), Germany)]] run a scientific instruments speciality auction several times per year and occasionally also list items on ebay.

* [[http://www.bonhams.com/|Bonhams (London)]] run auctions of scientific instruments at least once per year.

24 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 184 from:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.~~htmlMid~~-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (not particularly calculators, but some relevant tools are accessible).

to:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.html|Mid-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (not particularly calculators, but some relevant tools are accessible).

24 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 184 from:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.~~html]]Mid~~-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (not particularly calculators, but some relevant tools are accessible).

to:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.htmlMid-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (not particularly calculators, but some relevant tools are accessible).

23 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 97 from:

* [[http://www.rainerstumpe.de/HTML/erl01.html|Gunter Works]] All about Gunter Scales and Sectors and how to use them (in German)

to:

* [[http://www.rainerstumpe.de/HTML/erl01.html|Gunter Works]] All about Gunter Scales and Sectors and how to use them (mostly in German but also in part in English)

23 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 94-97:

!!! Gunter Scales & Sectors

* [[http://www.rainerstumpe.de/HTML/erl01.html|Gunter Works]] All about Gunter Scales and Sectors and how to use them (in German)

22 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed lines 94-96 from:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.html]]Mid-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (inter alia).

to:

Added lines 179-180:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.html]]Mid-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (not particularly calculators, but some relevant tools are accessible).

22 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 93-94:

* [[http://www.mwtca.org/tool-dealers.html]]Mid-West Tool Collectors Association]] List of US antique tool dealers (inter alia).

22 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed lines 249-251 from:

to:

!!! Reference

* [[http://historydb.adlerplanetarium.org/signatures/|Webster Signature Database]] Provides an excellent starting point for searching for details of past makers of scientific instruments.

22 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 124 from:

* [[http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/~~page2~~.html|Mathematical Instruments: A Private Collection]]

to:

* [[http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/page6.html|Mathematical Instruments: A Private Collection]]

22 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed lines 116-117 from:

!!! Measuring Instruments

to:

!!! Measuring & Drawing Instruments

Added lines 123-124:

* [[http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/page2.html|Mathematical Instruments: A Private Collection]]

18 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 62-63:

* [[http://www.mechanicalculator.com/manuals/|Collection of Kees Nagtegaal]] useful set of manuals for slide rules and the more common calculators.

18 May 2012 by 210.50.40.9 -

Changed lines 231-232 from:

* [[http://www.gilai.com/topcat_14/Scientific-Instruments|Gilai Collectibles]]

to:

* [[http://www.gilai.com/topcat_14/Scientific-Instruments|Gilai Collectibles]].

Changed lines 241-243 from:

* [[http://www.asiuk.net/|Antique Scientific Instruments U.K.]]

* [[http://www.newbegin.com/html/scientific.html| Newbegin Antiques]]

to:

* [[http://www.asiuk.net/|Antique Scientific Instruments U.K.]].

* [[http://www.newbegin.com/html/scientific.html| Newbegin Antiques]].

17 May 2012 by 210.50.40.9 -

Changed lines 239-241 from:

*[[http://www.sis.org.uk/dealers|Scientific Instrument Society]] - UK listing of dealers in scientific instruments, notably including mathematical instruments.

*[[http://www.asiuk.net/|Antique Scientific Instruments U.K.]]

to:

* [[http://www.sis.org.uk/dealers|Scientific Instrument Society]] - UK listing of dealers in scientific instruments, notably including mathematical instruments.

* [[http://www.asiuk.net/|Antique Scientific Instruments U.K.]]

* [[http://www.newbegin.com/html/scientific.html| Newbegin Antiques]]

17 May 2012 by 210.50.40.9 -

Added lines 240-241:

*[[http://www.asiuk.net/|Antique Scientific Instruments U.K.]]

17 May 2012 by 210.50.40.9 -

Added lines 238-239:

*[[http://www.sis.org.uk/dealers|Scientific Instrument Society]] - UK listing of dealers in scientific instruments, notably including mathematical instruments.

13 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 120 from:

* [[http://geometricum.jimdo.com/collection/scientific-instruments/|Geometricum]] ~~A systematic presentation of scientific instruments, in particular astrolabes~~, drawing instruments and surveying instruments from Roman to C19

to:

* [[http://geometricum.jimdo.com/collection/scientific-instruments/|Geometricum]] Markus Geissbuehler presents a systematic presentation of scientific instruments, in particular astronomical, drawing instruments and surveying instruments from Roman to C19

13 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 119-120:

* [[http://geometricum.jimdo.com/collection/scientific-instruments/|Geometricum]] A systematic presentation of scientific instruments, in particular astrolabes, drawing instruments and surveying instruments from Roman to C19

10 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 227 from:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]], [[http://www.ebay.it/|ebay Italy]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own in judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

to:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]], [[http://www.ebay.co.uk/|ebay UK]], [[http://www.ebay.it/|ebay Italy]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own in judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

10 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 227 from:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own in judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

to:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]], [[http://www.ebay.it/|ebay Italy]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own in judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 45-46:

* [[http://www.opticaliamuseum.com/drawing/|Opticalia Museum]] - museum menu is working, but the catalogue menu was still under construction in May 2012.

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 230-231:

* [[http://www.patented-antiques.com/Backpages/survey/Drafting.htm|Meeker's Mechanical Nature Antiques]] - a cheap but generally not very old set of rules and drawing instruments.

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 228-229:

* [[http://www.etesseract.com/|Teseract Early Scientific Instruments]] - a pricey but high quality inventory of antique scientific instruments including a notable collection of rules, sectors, and surveying and measuring instruments.

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 115-116:

* [[http://www.petergh.f2s.com/instruments2.html|Peter Giringhelli's collection of measuring and drawing instruments, and rules]]

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Deleted lines 227-228:

* [[http://antiquesonlineshop.com/aboutus.aspx|Salas Das Armas]] - primarily of interest for measuring tools and in particular dividers.

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed lines 227-229 from:

*[[http://www.thebestthings.com/measurin.htm|The Best of Things]] - primarily of interest for vintage measuring tools, primarily but not only from America.

to:

* [[http://www.thebestthings.com/measurin.htm|The Best of Things]] - primarily of interest for vintage measuring tools, primarily but not only from America.

* [[http://antiquesonlineshop.com/aboutus.aspx|Salas Das Armas]] - primarily of interest for measuring tools and in particular dividers.

08 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed lines 112-114 from:

to:

!!! Measuring Instruments

* [[http://collectingme.com/measuring/|CollectingMe.com]] Some nice examples of various antique measuring instruments.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed lines 217-220 from:

* [[http://www.fleaglass.com/|Fleaglass]] a store front for a range of private sellers and dealers for various categories of antique scientific instruments including those for calculation

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Often a bit pricey but quality is generally very high and the proprietor, Dr RC Blankenhorn is expert in this field.

to:

* [[http://www.fleaglass.com/|Fleaglass]] - a store front for a range of private sellers and dealers for various categories of antique scientific instruments including those for calculation

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] - both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Often a bit pricey but quality is generally very high and the proprietor, Dr RC Blankenhorn is expert in this field.

Added lines 224-225:

*[[http://www.thebestthings.com/measurin.htm|The Best of Things]] - primarily of interest for vintage measuring tools, primarily but not only from America.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 222-223:

* [[http://www.gilai.com/topcat_14/Scientific-Instruments|Gilai Collectibles]]

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 221 from:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

to:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own in judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 221 from:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. ~~However, you~~ are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

to:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. Prices are very variable and if you are lucky ridiculously cheap (or conversely absurdly expensive). You are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 221 from:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. However, you are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

to:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. However, you are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Dates and descriptions are often on a scale of misleading to fanciful. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 221 from:

* [[http://ebay.com]], [http://ebay.com.au]], [[http://ebay.de]], [[http://ebay.at]], [[http://ebay.fr]] ~~ebay~~ around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. However, you are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

to:

* [[http://ebay.com|ebay US]], [[http://ebay.com.au|ebay Australia]], [[http://ebay.de|ebay Germany]], [[http://ebay.at|ebay Austria]], [[http://ebay.fr|ebay France]] and in general //ebay// around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. However, you are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 215 from:

Some useful stores of antique scientific instruments ~~- the Calculant cannot vouch for anything advertised. (Calculant has no financial connection with any of these stores.~~)

to:

Some useful stores of antique scientific instruments. (Calculant has no financial connection with any of these stores and cannot vouch for anything advertised. Caveat Emptor applies!)

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 219 from:

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Often a bit pricey but quality is generally very high and the proprietor ~~is extremely knowledgeable~~.

to:

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Often a bit pricey but quality is generally very high and the proprietor, Dr RC Blankenhorn is expert in this field.

04 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 213-225:

!!! Online stores
Some useful stores of antique scientific instruments - the Calculant cannot vouch for anything advertised. (Calculant has no financial connection with any of these stores.)

* [[http://www.fleaglass.com/|Fleaglass]] a store front for a range of private sellers and dealers for various categories of antique scientific instruments including those for calculation

* [[http://www.gemmary.com/|The Gemmary Antique Scientific Instruments and Old & Rare Books]] both a dealer and store front for sales on consignment. Often a bit pricey but quality is generally very high and the proprietor is extremely knowledgeable.

* [[http://ebay.com]], [http://ebay.com.au]], [[http://ebay.de]], [[http://ebay.at]], [[http://ebay.fr]] ebay around the world is probably the prime location for purchase of the more common (and some less common) antique calculation devices and books. However, you are absolutely on your own on judging the merit of the items on offer. Things advertised as "rare" are more often than not not.

01 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 166-168:

* [[http://pactu.com/|Philip A Cannon II's site]] with a great deal of information cataloguing makers of instruments.

Deleted lines 179-181:

* [[http://pactu.com/|Philip A Cannon II's site]] with a great deal of information cataloguing makers of instruments.

01 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 177-178:

* [[http://pactu.com/|Philip A Cannon II's site]] with a great deal of information cataloguing makers of instruments.

01 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 176 from:

* [[http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/index.php?group=1600s|Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization]] a nice timeline with ~~links~~

to:

* [[http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/index.php?group=1600s|Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization]] a nice timeline with links.

01 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Changed line 176 from:

* [[http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/index.php?group=1600s]] Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data ~~Visualization~~

to:

* [[http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/index.php?group=1600s|Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization]] a nice timeline with links

01 May 2012 by 58.6.191.64 -

Added lines 175-176:

* [[http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/index.php?group=1600s]] Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization

15 April 2012 by 50.16.198.92 -

Changed line 19 from:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|~~Rechanmaschinen~~-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechenmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

26 March 2012 by 203.5.69.180 -

Changed line 44 from:

* [[://www.madeasy.de/2/mathe.htm|Mathematics site by Reiner Hoffmann]] in German.

to:

* [[http://www.madeasy.de/2/mathe.htm|Mathematics site by Reiner Hoffmann]] in German.

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 164 from:

* [[http://www.gbreda.it/mechcalc/link.php|Giovanni Breda's list of calculator collector websites]]

to:

* [[http://www.gbreda.it/mechcalc/link.php|Giovanni Breda's list of calculator collector and calculator & slide rule websites]]

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 164-165:

* [[http://www.gbreda.it/mechcalc/link.php|Giovanni Breda's list of calculator collector websites]]

Added line 175:

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 124-125:

* [[ http://www.landesmuseum-stuttgart.de/|Stuttgart Landesmuseum]]

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 42-46:

* [[http://bluemich.net/rechner/|Mechanical Calculating Devices by Wolf G. Blümich]] in German.

* [[://www.madeasy.de/2/mathe.htm|Mathematics site by Reiner Hoffmann]] in German.

Changed lines 88-90 from:

to:

* [[http://www.calculators.de/|Museum of Pocket Calculating Devices]] mainly focussing on electronic pocket calculators.

Added lines 126-127:

Changed lines 170-171 from:

to:

* [[http://www.webring.org/hub?ring=calculator|Webring of Calculator Collecting]] simply a web-ring for those interested.

Added lines 192-201:

* [[http://www.peterkernwein.de/|Collection of Peter Kernwein]]

* [[http://www.oldbits.com/collection.htm|"Old Bits" collection of Frank Salomon]]

* [[http://www.thimet.de/CalcCollection/Contents.html|Calculator Collection of Anthon (Tony) Thimet]]

* [[http://www.tcocd.de/index.shtml|Collection of Andreas Tabak]]

* [[http://www.ulisse.bs.it/museo/index.htm|Museo didattico del Computer]] in Itallian

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 40-41:

* [[http://www.thocp.net/timeline/1620.htm|History of Computer Antiquity]]

Added lines 150-151:

* [[http://en.wikicollecting.org/calculators|WikiCollecting article on collecting calculators]]

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 163 from:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/~~]] another~~ list of collectors]]

to:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/|Another list of collectors]]

12 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 162-163:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/]] another list of collectors]]

05 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed lines 79-81 from:

to:

* [[http://officemachinemanuals.com/|Office Machines Americana]] including a useful set of manuals.

Added lines 144-147:

* [[http://www.hpmuseum.org/prehp.htm|General calculator list from the "Museum of HP Calculators"]]

* [[http://www.yesterdaysoffice.com/|Yesterday's Office]] includes a forum for collectors of office antiques.

05 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 37-38:

* [[http://www.rechnerlexikon.de/en/wiki.phtml?title=Spezial:Patentpage|World-wide Patent Database from the Encyclopaedia of Mechanical Calculators]].

05 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 164-165:

* [[http://www.gateman.com/museum/c3.html|Topeka Computing Museum - "Ed's 948 Collection"]]

05 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 120-121:

* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/literat.htm|Reinhard Atzbach's extensive list of relevant literature]] (in German)

04 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 36 from:

* [[http://calcollect.free.fr/machines/macha.htm|Michel Bardel's list]] Tentative list of all existing mechanical machines since 1820, together with FAQs ~~abd~~ serial numbers. An invaluable reference source.

to:

* [[http://calcollect.free.fr/machines/macha.htm|Michel Bardel's list]] Tentative list of all existing mechanical machines since 1820, together with FAQs and serial numbers. An invaluable reference source.

04 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added line 114:

Changed line 135 from:

* [[http://www.crisvandevel.de/Cris Vandevel's Antique Mechanical Four-species Calculators]]

to:

* [[http://www.crisvandevel.de/|Cris Vandevel's Antique Mechanical Four-species Calculators]]

04 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 68-71:

* [[http://www.dotpoint.com/xnumber/cmisc_facit_page.htm|Facit Page by James Redin]] including a comprehensive list of models of the Facit calculators.

* [[http://www.dotpoint.com/xnumber/facit_history.htm|History of the Facit Calculator by Christofer Nöring]]

04 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 128-133:

* [[http://www.w-hasselo.nl/mechn/index.php|Wim Hasselo's comprehensive website]]

* [[http://www.crisvandevel.de/Cris Vandevel's Antique Mechanical Four-species Calculators]]

* [[http://calmeca.free.fr/calculmecanique_php/recherche_BDD/appel_resu_trouve_fichier.php?lang=eng|François Babillot's Database of Antique Calculators]]

Added lines 149-150:

* [[http://www.nzeldes.com/HOC/HOC_Core.htm|Nathan's Possibly Interesting History of Computing Website]]

04 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed lines 92-95 from:

to:

* [[http://www.sliderule.it/|Collection of Giovanni Breda]]

Added lines 139-140:

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/collectors_mech.htm|List of famous calculator collectors]]

04 February 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed lines 86-89 from:

to:

*[[http://www.rekeninstrumenten.nl/index.html|Dutch Circle for Historical Calculating Instruments]]

* [[http://www.hpmuseum.org/sliderul.htm|Museum of HP Calculators History of Slide Rules]]

* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/hp.htm|The Death of the Slide Rule by James Redin]]

Added lines 114-117:

* [[http://www.computissimo.ch/v-fran/calcul.htm|Calculatrice]]

* [[http://www.boelters.de/Rechenmaschinen/index.html|Aus der Rechenmaschinen-Werkstatt von D. Bölter]]

Added lines 139-144:

* [[http://www.hpricecpa.com/typewriterinfo9.html#acam|Collection of Herman Price]]

* [[http://www.mechanicalculator.com/|Collection of Kees Nagtegaal]]

* [[http://www.calculi.nl/|Collection of Nico Baaijens]]

17 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 96 from:

* [[http://en.hnf.de/default.asp|The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum]] Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum.

to:

* [[http://en.hnf.de/default.asp|The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum]] Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum, situated in Paderborn, Germany.

17 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 95-96:

* [[http://en.hnf.de/default.asp|The Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum]] Claims to be the world's biggest computer museum.

17 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 119-120:

* [[http://ifhbev.de/index.php?id=5|IFHB Internationales Forum Historische Bürowelt e.V.]] with also an extensive set of links to other relevant sites.

16 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 111-112:

* [[http://www.schneemann.de/index.htm|Schneemanns web page]]

16 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 36-37:

* [[http://calcollect.free.fr/machines/macha.htm|Michel Bardel's list]] Tentative list of all existing mechanical machines since 1820, together with FAQs abd serial numbers. An invaluable reference source.

Changed lines 73-75 from:

*

to:

Changed line 110 from:

* [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de/|Jan Meyer's Geschichte der Rechenhilfsmittel)]]

to:

* [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de/|Jan Meyer's Geschichte der Rechenhilfsmittel]]

16 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 109-110:

* [[http://www.rechenhilfsmittel.de/|Jan Meyer's Geschichte der Rechenhilfsmittel)]]

15 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 122 from:

* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net|Calculant]] ~~Included in celebration of infinite regression~~.

to:

* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net|Calculant]] - well you must know about that, or you wouldn't be here...

15 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Changed line 28 from:

* [[http://w1.131.telia.com/~u13101111/typewriters.html|Swedish Typewriters Site - listing of antique office calculators]]

to:

* [[http://w1.131.telia.com/~u13101111/typewriters.html|Swedish Typewriters Site - listing of antique office calculators]] From the home page select the "The Collection" in the navigation bar on the left, and then scroll down to the RÄKNEMASKINER / CALCULATORS section.

15 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 27-28:

* [[http://w1.131.telia.com/~u13101111/typewriters.html|Swedish Typewriters Site - listing of antique office calculators]]

15 January 2012 by Jim Falk -

Added lines 62-69:

* [[http://home.comcast.net/~wtodhner/calcs.html|William Ohdner's site commemorating the Ohdner calculator]]

* [[http://www.taswegian.com/MOSCOW/soviet.html|Museum of Soviet Calculators]]

* [[http://rk86.com/frolov/calcolle.htm|Soviet Calculators Collection]]

*

11 January 2012 by 58.6.184.54 -

Changed line 19 from:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines", MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992]].

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines"]], MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

11 January 2012 by 58.6.184.54 -

Changed line 19 from:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines", MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines", MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992]].

11 January 2012 by 58.6.184.54 -

Changed line 82 from:

* [[www.arithmeum.uni-bonn.de/|The Arithmeum, Bonn]] A specialist museum focussed on the history of calculation, housing many rare and precious antique calculators.

to:

* [[http://www.arithmeum.uni-bonn.de/|The Arithmeum, Bonn]] A specialist museum focussed on the history of calculation, housing many rare and precious antique calculators.

11 January 2012 by 58.6.184.54 -

Added lines 81-82:

* [[www.arithmeum.uni-bonn.de/|The Arithmeum, Bonn]] A specialist museum focussed on the history of calculation, housing many rare and precious antique calculators.

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* [[http://oughtred.org/|The Oughtred Society]]

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* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines",MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines", MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

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* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net|Calculant]] Included in ~~the spirit~~ of infinite regression.

to:

* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net|Calculant]] Included in celebration of infinite regression.

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* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net]] Included in the spirit of infinite regression.

to:

* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net|Calculant]] Included in the spirit of infinite regression.

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* [[http://www.vcalc.net/cu.htm|The Curta Page]] Comprehensive coverage of the Curta calculator.

to:

* [[http://www.vcalc.net/cu.htm|The Curta Page]] Comprehensive coverage of the Curta calculator. Includes links to other Curta sites and manuals.

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* [[http://calculant.meta-studies.net]] Included in the spirit of infinite regression.

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* [[http://www2.cruzio.com/~vagabond/ComptHome.html|Comptometer Website]] Very authoritative website on the Felt & Tarrant Comptometer (although no longer maintained as thoroughly).

* [[http://www.vcalc.net/cu.htm|The Curta Page]] Comprehensive coverage of the Curta calculator.

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Added lines 98-99:

* [[http://www.lsoft.com/scripts/wl.exe?SL1=CALCLIST-L&H=LISTSERV.TECHNION.AC.IL|CALCLIST]] a "must" subscription for the serious calculator collector.

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* [[http://www.arithmometre.org/Musees/PageMusees.html|List of museums at www.arithmometer.org]]

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* [[http://officemachinemanuals.com/catalog/miscellaneous.htm|Office Machines America]] Pay site.

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* [[http://users.lewiston.com/ejorgens/office/miscellaneous/miscellaneous.html|Miscellaneous Manuals]] Pay site, but if you can't get these elsewhere...

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Added lines 37-42:

* [[http://www.nicolamarras.it/calcolatoria/downloads_en.html|Calcolatoria downloads]]

* [[http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/page62.html|Mathematical Instruments Catalogues and Brochures]]

* [[http://www.prehistoriadelainformatica.com/manuales-instructions/|Prehistoria de la Informatica Office Collectibles]]

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Changed lines 32-33 from:

* [[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/on-line-docs.html|Online documents]] A broad listing of useful links to documents covering the history of calculators.

to:

* [[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/on-line-docs.html|Online documents]] A broad listing of useful links to documents covering the history of calculators.

!!! Manuals and Instructions

* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/default.htm|Calculator Manuals from Rechenwerkzeug.de]]

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* [[http://ajmdeman.awardspace.info/|Original documents on the History of Calculators]]

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*[[http://sliderulemuseum.com/|International Slide Rule Museum]]

to:

!!! Slide Rules

* [[http://sliderulemuseum.com/|International Slide Rule Museum]]

* [[http://www.hh.schule.de/metalltechnik-didaktik/museum/rechenschieber/scheiben/rs9.htm|Rechenscheiber im Online-Museum]]

* [[http://www.sliderule.ca/|Eric's Slide Rule Site]]

* [[http://bluemich.net/rechner/rma21.htm#14|Anhang 2.1: Bedienungs- und Serviceanleitungen für Tabellen, Rechenschieber, -scheiben, -walzen und -skalen]] Instructions for many slide rules.

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*[[http://sliderulemuseum.com/|International Slide Rule Museum]]

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!!! Museums

*[[http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/onlinestuff/museum_objects/mathematics.aspx?page=1|Science Museum (UK)]]

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* [[http://www.rechenwerkzeug.de/default.htm]]

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* [[http://retrocalculators.com/default.aspx|Retrocalculators.com]]

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[[http://calcollect.free.fr/|ANCMECA - machine à écrire mécanique et à la machine à calculer mécanique]] in multiple languages.

to:

* [[http://calcollect.free.fr/|ANCMECA - machine à écrire mécanique et à la machine à calculer mécanique]] in multiple languages.

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Changed lines 30-31 from:

*[[http://www.mechrech.info|Beiträge zur Geschichte des mechanischen Rechnens: Contributions to the History of Mechanical Calculation]] Good list of publications, books and historical articles dealing in particular with the history and internal workings of calculating machines.

to:

*[[http://www.mechrech.info|Beiträge zur Geschichte des mechanischen Rechnens: Contributions to the History of Mechanical Calculation]] Good list of publications, books and historical articles dealing in particular with the history and internal workings of calculating machines.

* [[http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/on-line-docs.html|Online documents]] A broad listing of useful links to documents covering the history of calculators.

Changed lines 40-42 from:

[[http://mortati.com/glusker/elecmech/refslinks.htm|Electromechanical calculating machines from the 1960's]] includes extensive lists of other relevant links and books.

!!! Other ~~Survey~~ Sites

to:

* [[http://mortati.com/glusker/elecmech/refslinks.htm|Electromechanical calculating machines from the 1960's]] includes extensive lists of other relevant links and books.

!!! Other Useful Sites

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* [[http://www.crisvandevel.de/links.htm|Recommended links by Chris from Calclist]]

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to:

!!!Associations of Calculator Collectors

[[http://calcollect.free.fr/|ANCMECA - machine à écrire mécanique et à la machine à calculer mécanique]] in multiple languages.

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Added lines 37-38:

[[http://mortati.com/glusker/elecmech/refslinks.htm|Electromechanical calculating machines from the 1960's]] includes extensive lists of other relevant links and books.

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*[[http://www.mechrech.info|Beiträge zur Geschichte des mechanischen Rechnens: Contributions to the History of Mechanical Calculation]] Good list of publications, books and historical articles dealing in particular with the history and internal workings of calculating machines.

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Added lines 28-29:

* [[http://www.ph-ludwigsburg.de/fileadmin/subsites/2e-imix-t-01/user_files/mmm/mmm_online/|Mathematisches Maschinenemuseum]] Good historical summaries and a nice set of videos of machines in action.

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!!! ~~Personal~~ Survey Sites

to:

!!! Other Survey Sites

Added lines 38-42:

* [[http://www.vintagecalculators.com/index.html|Vintage Calculators Website]] A significant number of photos of the more widely collected old mechanical calculators, together with a survey of electrical and electronic machines.

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!!! Personal Survey Sites
* [[http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/|History of Mechanical Calculators]] Part of James Redin's Xnumber World of Personal Caclulators site. Some useful links to documents (also listed in other sites.)

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Changed line 11 from:

* Napier, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/Rabdologiae_seu_numerationis_per_virgula.pdf|Rabdologiae seu numerationis per vigula]], 1628 (first published 1617).

to:

* John Napier, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/Rabdologiae_seu_numerationis_per_virgula.pdf|Rabdologiae seu numerationis per vigula]], 1628 (first published 1617).

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* [[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

to:

* [[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

* [[http://home.vicnet.net.au/~wolff/calculators/|John Wolff's Web Museum Calculating Machines]] A wonderfully detailed site by an expert collector with great mechanical insight into the workings of the extensive set of calculators listed.

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->(Clicking on the link will download the relevant book.)

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* Jacob Leupold, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/TheatrumArithmeticoGeometricum.pdf|Theatrum Arithmetico-Geometricum]] das ist: Schau-Platz der Rechen- und Mess-Kunst. . . . Christoph Zunkel, Leipzig, 1774 (first edition 1727)

to:

* Jacob Leupold, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/TheatrumArithmeticoGeometricum.pdf|Theatrum Arithmetico-Geometricum]] das ist: Schau-Platz der Rechen- und Mess-Kunst. . . . Christoph Zunkel, Leipzig, 1774 (first edition 1727). The best illustrated book on calculation and measurement published during the eighteenth century.

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Added lines 9-10:

* Jacob Leupold, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/TheatrumArithmeticoGeometricum.pdf|Theatrum Arithmetico-Geometricum]] das ist: Schau-Platz der Rechen- und Mess-Kunst. . . . Christoph Zunkel, Leipzig, 1774 (first edition 1727)

Changed lines 15-16 from:

[[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines",MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

to:

* [[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines",MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

Changed lines 18-21 from:

[[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

[[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

to:

* [[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

* [[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

Changed lines 24-29 from:

[[http://www.arithmometre.org|Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer]]

[[http://www.ami19.org|Arithmetic Machines and Instruments of the C19]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

to:

* [[http://www.arithmometre.org|Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer]]

* [[http://www.ami19.org|Arithmetic Machines and Instruments of the C19]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

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[[http://www.jmgoldman.com/|Collection of Jay M. Goldman]]

to:

* [[http://www.jmgoldman.com/|Collection of Jay M. Goldman]]

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* [[Rabdologiae_seu_numerationis_per_virgula.~~pdf~~

to:

* Napier, [[http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Books/Rabdologiae_seu_numerationis_per_virgula.pdf|Rabdologiae seu numerationis per vigula]], 1628 (first published 1617).

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to:

* [[Rabdologiae_seu_numerationis_per_virgula.pdf

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!!! Personal Collections

[[http://www.jmgoldman.com/|Collection of Jay M. Goldman]]

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[[http://www.ami19.org]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

to:

[[http://www.ami19.org|Arithmetic Machines and Instruments of the C19]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

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Added lines 15-21:

[[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

[[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

!!! Specialist websites

Changed lines 26-32 from:

[[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

!!! Specialist websites

[[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

to:

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'+Early books+'

'+Key websites+'

to:

!! Early books

!! Key websites

!!! Survey websites

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!!! Specialist websites

Changed line 25 from:

[[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

to:

[[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

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[[http://www.ami19.org]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

to:

[[http://www.ami19.org]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

[[http://www.rechenkasten.de/BueromaschinenLexikon/index.html|Büromaschinen Lexikon]] Published by Goeller-Verlag the annual office machines dictionary provided a comprehensive illustrated overview of common office equipment for the respective years. This site provides collectors with the information on calculators from that website.[in German]

Changed line 16 from:

to:

[[http://www.histoire-informatique.org/idx/|Histoire de l'Informatique]] Wide-ranging gallery of calculators and associated information. [in French]

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Changed lines 10-12 from:

[[www.arithmometre.org|Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer]]

[[www.ami19.org]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

to:

[[http://www.arithmometre.org|Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer]]

[[http://www.ami19.org]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

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Added lines 9-14:

[[www.arithmometre.org|Valéry Monnier's extraordinary and expert website on the Thomas de Colmar Arithmometer]]

[[www.ami19.org]] Many photos of calculating machines and mathematical instruments owned by an important French collector.

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Changed lines 7-8 from:

[[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines",MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.]]

to:

[[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines",MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.

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'+Key websites+'

Deleted lines 7-8:

~~'+Key websites+'~~

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to:

'+Early books+'
[[http://www.rechenmaschinen-illustrated.com/|Rechanmaschinen-Illustrated]: The most comprehensive listing of details about early calculating machines on the web. Based around the classic study Ernst Martin, “Die Rechenmaschinen”, 1925, and translated into English as Ernst Martin, "The Calculating Machines",MIT Press and The Charles Babbage Institute, USA, "History of Computing" series, 1992.]]

'+Key websites+'

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Deleted lines 2-68:

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Schickard1.jpg '+First Devices+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Henrion.png '+Logarithmic Tables, and Ready Reckoners+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Morland2.png '+The first "Computer Manual"?+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/ButterfieldSector.png '+Sectors+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Convertiseur.png '+Conversion Devices+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Everard.jpg '+Slide Rules+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Thacher.jpg '+Cylindrical Slide Rules+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/SUPREMATHIC.jpg '+Circular Slide Rules+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Webb.jpg '+Troncet Type Devices+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Adix.png '+Keyboard Adding Machines+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/ThomasDeColmar.jpg '+Arithmometers+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Millionair.png '+True Multiplying Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/MercedesDemo.png '+Proportional Rack Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Brunsviga1896.png '+Pinwheel Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/ComptometerWoodie.png '+Comptometers+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Curta1-1948.png '+Curta Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/HerzstarkArithmometer.png '+Motorised Calculating Machines+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/HP35.jpg '+Electronic Calculators+'

______

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/LightningBooklet.png '+Ephemerae+'

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Added lines 2-70:

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Schickard1.jpg '+First Devices+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Henrion.png '+Logarithmic Tables, and Ready Reckoners+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Morland2.png '+The first "Computer Manual"?+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/ButterfieldSector.png '+Sectors+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Convertiseur.png '+Conversion Devices+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Everard.jpg '+Slide Rules+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Thacher.jpg '+Cylindrical Slide Rules+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/SUPREMATHIC.jpg '+Circular Slide Rules+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Webb.jpg '+Troncet Type Devices+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Adix.png '+Keyboard Adding Machines+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/ThomasDeColmar.jpg '+Arithmometers+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Millionair.png '+True Multiplying Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/MercedesDemo.png '+Proportional Rack Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Brunsviga1896.png '+Pinwheel Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/ComptometerWoodie.png '+Comptometers+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/Curta1-1948.png '+Curta Calculators+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/HerzstarkArithmometer.png '+Motorised Calculating Machines+'

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/HP35.jpg '+Electronic Calculators+'

______

%thumb% http://meta-studies.net/pmwiki/uploads/LightningBooklet.png '+Ephemerae+'

04 January 2012 by 58.96.77.111 -

Added lines 1-2:

This is a collection of electronic resources which form part of the background to the collected objects and associated analysis.

Site.ELibrary History